doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20186

引用本文: 余明清, 廖耀祖, 朱美芳. 共轭聚合物水凝胶的制备与应用进展[J]. 高分子学报, 2021, 52(2): 113-123. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20186 shu

Citation: Ming-qing Yu, Yao-zu Liao and Mei-fang Zhu. Progress in Preparation and Applications of Conjugated Polymer Hydrogels[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2021, 52(2): 113-123. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20186 shu

共轭聚合物水凝胶的制备与应用进展

东华大学材料科学与工程学院纤维材料改性国家重点实验室　上海 201600

作者简介: 廖耀祖，男，1982年生. 东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室、材料科学与工程学院教授/博士生导师，先后在美国加州大学洛杉矶分校、英国布里斯托大学、德国柏林工业大学学习工作6年时间. 入选上海市曙光学者、上海市浦江学者、德国洪堡学者以及欧洲玛丽居里学者奖励计划等. 主要从事共轭聚合物及其框架材料的精准制备与传感检测、吸附分离、清洁能源开发等基础应用研究;

通讯作者: 廖耀祖, E-mail: yzliao@dhu.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (基金号 51873036，51673039) 资助项目

摘要: 共轭聚合物水凝胶是利用共轭聚合物制备的水凝胶材料，兼备水凝胶的力学性质、溶胀性质和共轭聚合物优异的电化学特性. 共轭聚合物水凝胶的制备方法多样，主要有原位聚合、直接填充、物理交联和化学交联等. 同时，在面对环境和能源领域的应用挑战时，共轭聚合物水凝胶具备良好的发展潜能，可广泛应用于药物释放、能量转换、能量储存、传感器、组织损伤修复和污水处理等诸多领域. 本文系统归纳了共轭聚合物水凝胶的制备方法和应用，对其研究目前存在的主要问题以及未来发展方向进行了分析.

关键词:

English

Progress in Preparation and Applications of Conjugated Polymer Hydrogels

State Key Laboratory for Modification of Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201600

Corresponding author:

Received Date: 2020-08-07
Accepted Date: 2020-08-29
Available Online: 2021-02-03

Abstract: Polymer hydrogels are cross-linked polymeric materials with three-dimensional networks that can maintain 1000%−2000% of deformation under certain stress. Conjugated polymer hydrogels (CPHs) are the hydrogels made from conjugated polymers. From the point of view of molecular structure, CPHs exhibit an inherent rigidity and extended π-π bond of conjugated polymers, which can synergize the advantages of organic semiconductors and hydrogel networks. By means of physical and chemical doping, CPHs also display adjustable electroconductive properties. Therefore, CPHs combine the good mechanical properties, swelling properties of hydrogels and the excellent electrochemical properties of conjugated polymers. A diversity of methods have been applied to prepare CPHs. Owing to their unique properties mentioned, CPHs have been widely used in many fields such as drug release, energy conversion, energy storage, sensors, tissue damage repair and sewage treatment. Over decades, various new types of CPHs have been successfully synthesized, and their water absorption capacity, electrical conductivity and other properties have been continuously optimized. At present, CPHs are mainly prepared through in situ polymerization, direct filling, physical crosslinking and chemical crosslinking, etc. Chemical modifications and functionalization are also applied to adjust the properties of CPHs, which amplify their functionalities and applications. In this review, the preparation methods and applications of CPHs are systematically summarized, and the main issues existing in this research and the future development direction are analyzed.

Key words:

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Figure 1. Preparation of CPH by in situ polymerization.

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Figure 2. (a) Hybrid gel synthesized by loading particles onto the surface of preformed CPH (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[12]; Copyright (2013) American Chemical Society); (b) Hybrid gel synthesized by in situ polymerization (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[13]; Copyright (2014) American Chemical Society).

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Figure 3. Synthesis of Hep-MA/PANI CPH (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[17]; Copyright (2014) American Chemical Society).

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Figure 4. Synthesis of CPH with self-assembled PEDOT belts through in situ polymerization in the double network matrix (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[18]; Copyright (2014) American Chemical Society).

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Figure 5. Formation of the PEDOT-containing microfibers by using a microfluidic spinning approach (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[19]; Copyright (2019) WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim).

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Figure 6. Scheme of physical crosslinking hydrogels and chemical crosslinking hydrogels.

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Figure 7. Preparation of the anti-freezing PVA-PEDOT/PSS (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[25]; Copyright (2017) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim).

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Figure 8. The network structures of PNAGA-PAMPS/PEDOT/PSS (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[28]; Copyright (2017) Springer Nature).

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Figure 9. The PANI gel using phytic acid as the dopant and cross-linker (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[33]; Copyright (2012) National Academy of Sciences).

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Figure 10. Applications of conjugated polymer hydrogels.

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Figure 11. Traditional electrode system (left) and Fe₃O₄/PPy hydrogels framework (right). (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[56]; Copyright (2017) WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim).

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Figure 12. Structural elasticity and interfacial synthesis of the hollow-sphere-structured PPy (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[59]; Copyright (2014) Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.).

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Figure 13. Schematic illustration of hydrogel fabrication (Reprinted with permission from Ref.[66]; Copyright (2012) WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim).

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Table 1. The main response factors and applications of smart CPH.

	Factor	Reference
Smart hydrogels	Radiation	[35,36]
	Thermo-responsive	[41,42]
	pH-responsive	[43]
	Dual (Thermo and pH)	[44]
	Protease	[45]
	Mechanically responsive	[46]
Biomedicalapplications	Drug release	[47]
	Antibacterial	[44,48]
	Pesticide release	[49]

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

共轭聚合物水凝胶的制备与应用进展

通讯作者: 廖耀祖, E-mail: yzliao@dhu.edu.cn

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Progress in Preparation and Applications of Conjugated Polymer Hydrogels

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