Chemical Upcycling of Polymeric Materials

Xue-hui Liu; Shi-mei Xu; Fan Zhang; Xiu-li Wang; Yu-zhong Wang

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22119

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Chemical Upcycling of Polymeric Materials

Feature Article | 更新时间：2024-10-08

- Chemical Upcycling of Polymeric Materials
- ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA Vol. 53, Issue 9, Pages: 1005-1022(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  四川大学化学学院建筑与环境学院环保型高分子材料国家地方联合工程实验室教育部环境与火安全高分子材料协同创新中心成都 610064
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22119
  CLC：
- Published：20 September 2022，
  
  Published Online：09 July 2022，
  
  Received：12 April 2022，
  
  Accepted：11 May 2022
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
刘雪辉,徐世美,张帆等.高分子材料的化学升级回收[J].高分子学报,2022,53(09):1005-1022.

Liu Xue-hui,Xu Shi-mei,Zhang Fan,et al.Chemical Upcycling of Polymeric Materials[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2022,53(09):1005-1022.
刘雪辉,徐世美,张帆等.高分子材料的化学升级回收[J].高分子学报,2022,53(09):1005-1022. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22119.

Liu Xue-hui,Xu Shi-mei,Zhang Fan,et al.Chemical Upcycling of Polymeric Materials[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2022,53(09):1005-1022. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22119.

摘要

解决高分子材料的可持续发展，不仅要考虑生产高分子材料的原料的持续来源问题，而且还要考虑其废弃后对生态环境的影响问题. 有效的高分子材料的回收循环利用，不仅可以解决其废弃物焚烧和泄漏至环境中对生态环境的负面影响，而且可以减少生产高分子材料的化石资源消耗，有利于减少碳排放. 本文在提出的高分子材料回收方法分类的基础上，重点讨论了化学回收，特别是以提高回收产物的品质、性能和价值为导向的化学升级回收，总结和评述了量大面广的典型热塑性高分子材料、热固性高分子材料和混杂高分子材料体系的化学升级回收的研究现状，介绍了作者团队近年来在该领域的研究新进展，并对未来发展进行了展望. 与高分子材料的物理回收相比，化学回收具有方法多样化、可设计性强，回收产物因高分子结构和条件控制不同(化学键的选择性断裂)而异等特点，因此化学回收比物理回收更具实现升级回收的潜力.

Abstract

For a sustainable development of polymeric materials

it is not only necessary to seek sustainable source of raw materials for their production

but also need reducing environmental pollution and resource depletion after their discard. The recovery of waste polymeric materials is one of most effective approaches for addressing the above issues. Therefore

there is an increasing research interest focused on their effective recovery. According to different recovery objectives

the recovery of polymeric materials is divided into energy recovery

mostly carried out by incineration

and matter recovery

which is further divided into "physcycling" or "mechcycling" (physical or mechanical recovery)

"chemcycling" (chemical recovery)

"physchemcycling" or "mechchemcycling" (physical and chemical recovery)

and "biologcycling" (biological recovery). In recent years

more attention have been paid to the quality

performance

or value (including economic/environmental value) of the recycled products

which are used to define the "downcycling" and "upcycling". Whenever possible

a closed-loop recovery (

i.e

. "recycling") is always desirable because it

can produce the recycled polymers from waste polymeric materials

via

physical recycling and chemical recycling

respectively. However

both methods have their limitations. The recycled polymers

via

physical recycling almost inevitably have deteriorated performances compared with the original polymers

often manifesting itself as downcycling of polymeric materials. On the other hand

chemical recycling can offer an opportunity to revert waste polymeric materials back to their monomers for repolymerization to virgin materials without altering the properties of the material or the economic value of the polymers. Unfortunately

only a small subset of polymeric materials could be chemically recycled in an energy-efficient and cost-effective manner. Therefore

more and more efforts have been devoted to upcycling polymeric materials although this field is still in its infancy. Chemcycling with flexible ways and strong designability is regarded as a promising method for upcycling that can recovers added-value chemicals or materials from polymeric materials. However

the traditional degradation process of polymeric materials is always carried out under harsh conditions

and inevitably generates complex distribution of degraded products which are difficult to separate and reutilize. Selective degradation of polymeric materials using highly efficient catalysts provides a sustainable approach to addressing this challenge. Moreover

the chemcycling process can be largely affected by the aggregated structure and composition of polymeric materials. We choose typical thermoplastic

thermosetting and hybrid polymeric materials

which are widely used and of a large quantity

to discuss their chemical upcycling

especially present author's recent relevant research work

and provide an insight into the future development of chemical upcycling.

关键词

化学回收升级回收热塑性热固性混杂高分子材料

Keywords

Chemical recoveryUpcyclingThermoplasticThermosetHybrid polymeric materials

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