Progresses of Molecularly Doped Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells

Ze-yu Wang; Han Yan

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25062

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Progresses of Molecularly Doped Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells

Review | 更新时间：2025-07-08

- Progresses of Molecularly Doped Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Vol. 56, Issue 7, Pages: 1063-1073(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  金属材料强度国家重点实验室西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院西安 710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25062
  CLC：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7399
- Received：05 March 2025，
  
  Accepted：10 April 2025，
  
  Published Online：20 May 2025，
  
  Published：20 July 2025
- 稿件说明：
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王泽宇, 闫晗. 分子掺杂半透明有机太阳能电池研究进展. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(7), 1063-1073

Wang, Z. Y.; Yan, H. Progresses of molecularly doped semitransparent organic solar cells. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(7), 1063-1073
王泽宇, 闫晗. 分子掺杂半透明有机太阳能电池研究进展. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(7), 1063-1073 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25062. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7399.

Wang, Z. Y.; Yan, H. Progresses of molecularly doped semitransparent organic solar cells. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(7), 1063-1073 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25062. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7399.

摘要

发展半透明太阳能电池技术，是实现城市清洁、规模用电的重要策略.有机太阳能电池的活性层由吸收光谱互补的给、受体材料组成，降低给体材料含量即可增加活性层的可见光透过率；然而，给体含量减少会阻碍光生电荷的产生与收集，引起活性层高透光率与高转换效率之间的矛盾.本综述从这一难点出发，综述了近年来以分子掺杂为破解方法的半透明有机太阳能电池研究进展，围绕如何实现有机太阳能电池的活性层分子掺杂及分子掺杂如何优化非理想形貌下的光伏过程，依次介绍分子掺杂机理、掺杂剂分布调控、掺杂改善电荷收集和掺杂促进激子解离四方面的研究进展.最后，概述活性层掺杂有机太阳能电池未来发展所面临的三大挑战.

Abstract

Developing the semitransparent solar cells is crucial to large-scale solar energy utilization in modern city. The photoactive layer of organic solar cells (OSCs) is composed of the donor and acceptor materials with complementary absorptions

where reducing the donor content is facile to enhance the visible-light transmittance. However

the donor dilution approach inevitably inhibits the photo-charge generation and collection

which leads to the critical trade-off between optical transparency and power conversion efficiency (PCE) in semitransparent OSCs (ST-OSCs). Herein

we briefly review the recent progresses on this issue

especially focusing on the molecularly doped ST-OSCs. We try to clarify two pivotal questions: (1) How to achieve effective molecular doping in organic photoactive layer? (2) How does molecular doping optimize photovoltaic process in the suboptimal blend film morphology? Following by the two questions

the basic knowledge of molecular doping is introduced

including doping mechanism (oxidation/reduction dopants and acid/base dopants) and representative P-type and N-type molecular dopants. Next

effective doping requires precise control over the distribution of dopants within the active layer

namely P-type dopants in the donor material and N-type dopants in the acceptor material. The concept of sequential doping processes and using dopant's carrier

like solid solvent for dopants are explored to enhance electrical performance. In response to the reduction in donor content and the obstruction of hole transport

molecular doping improves in two aspects: trap filling and built-in electric field profiling

which enhances the fill factor (FF) and optimizes charge collection. As the donor content further decreases below 10%

exciton loss by failing to diffuse to the heterojunction dominates the PCE decay. At this situation

molecular doping can mitigate the exciton loss by enhancing the local electric field and inducing entropy gain at heterojunction. At the end of this review

the future directions of molecularly doped ST-OSCs are briefly discussed

including the doping efficiency

bipolar doping

and high doping concentration achievement.

关键词

Keywords

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