Synthesis and Structure-property Relationships of Bio-based Polystyrene Derived from Caffeic Acid Derivatives

Wei-xi Wang; Xue-fei Leng; Jia Liu; Yan-shai Wang; Yang Li

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25064

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Synthesis and Structure-property Relationships of Bio-based Polystyrene Derived from Caffeic Acid Derivatives

Research Article | 更新时间：2025-07-28

- Synthesis and Structure-property Relationships of Bio-based Polystyrene Derived from Caffeic Acid Derivatives
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Vol. 56, Issue 8, Pages: 1345-1357(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  大连理工大学化工学院高分子材料系精细化工国家重点实验室大连 116024
- 作者简介：
  
  Xue-fei Leng, E-mail: lengxuefei@dlut.edu.cn
  Yang Li, E-mail: , E-mail: liyang@dlut.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25064
  CLC：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7415
- Received：07 March 2025，
  
  Accepted：11 May 2025，
  
  Published Online：19 June 2025，
  
  Published：20 August 2025
- 稿件说明：
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王薇茜, 冷雪菲, 刘佳, 王艳色, 李杨. 以咖啡酸衍生物合成生物基聚苯乙烯的结构与性能探究. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(8), 1345-1357

Wang, W. X.; Leng, X. F.; Liu, J.; Wang, Y. S.; Li, Y. Synthesis and structure-property relationships of bio-based polystyrene derived from caffeic acid derivatives. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(8), 1345-1357
王薇茜, 冷雪菲, 刘佳, 王艳色, 李杨. 以咖啡酸衍生物合成生物基聚苯乙烯的结构与性能探究. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(8), 1345-1357 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25064. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7415.

Wang, W. X.; Leng, X. F.; Liu, J.; Wang, Y. S.; Li, Y. Synthesis and structure-property relationships of bio-based polystyrene derived from caffeic acid derivatives. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(8), 1345-1357 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25064. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7415.

摘要

以生物质来源咖啡酸(CA)作为原料，经脱羧和酚羟基保护，一锅法制备了两种生物基咖啡酸衍生物，再采用自由基本体聚合方法，将苯乙烯分别与这两种单体合成了一系列生物基替代的聚苯乙烯新材料. 系统研究了两种单体与苯乙烯自由基共聚的机理，同时采用Materials Studio软件研究了取代基种类和组分含量对共聚物微观结构和宏观性能的影响. 开发出的两类生物基聚苯乙烯具有不同的性能，其中一类的拉伸强度达76.5 MPa且断裂伸长率为10.1%，比传统聚苯乙烯的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别提高了35.4%和102%；另一类的拉伸强度为37.2 MPa且断裂伸长率为39.5%，其应力应变曲线出现屈服，比传统聚苯乙烯的断裂伸长率提高690 %. 结果表明，咖啡酸衍生物单体自身含有邻苯二酚官能团，通过设计咖啡酸衍生物的保护基团不仅可以调控其性能以拓展其应用范围，而且可以引入特定官能团制造具有特殊功能性的高性能聚合物材料.

Abstract

Using biomass-derived caffeic acid (CA) as the raw material

two bio-based caffeic acid derivatives were synthesized via a one-pot decarboxylation and phenolic hydroxyl protection strategy. These derivatives were then copolymerized with styrene through free radical bulk polymerization to develop a series of bio-based polystyrene alternatives. This study systematically investigated the mechanism of free radical copolymerization between the two monomers and styrene

while employing Materials Studio simulations to analyze the effects of substituent group types and composition ratios on the copolymers' microstructure and macroscopic properties. The developed bio-based polystyrene materials exhibited distinct performance characteristics: (1) high-strength copolymer: The copolymer synthesized with Ac

VC monomer achieved a tensile strength of 76.5 MPa and an elongation at break of 10.1%

representing 35.4% and 102% improvements

respectively

over conventional polystyrene; (2) high-ductility copolymer: The copolymer derived from TBS

VC monomer demonstrated a tensile strength of 37.2 MPa and a remarkable elongation at break of 39.5%

with a yield point observed in its stress-strain curve. This corresponds to a 690% enhancement in elongation compared to traditional polystyrene. Key findings highlight that the intrinsic catechol functional groups in caffeic acid derivatives play a pivotal role in material performance. By strategically designing protective groups (

e.g

acetyl or tert-butyldimethylsilyl)

the properties of the copolymers can be precisely tailored to expand their applications. Moreover

this approach enables the introduction of specific functionalities (

e.g.

enhanced thermal stabilit

tunable mechanical behavior) for creating high-performance polymeric materials. This work demonstrates a sustainable pathway to replace petroleum-based polystyrene with bio-based alternatives

offering both performance superiority (

e.g.

adjustable glass transition temperature

balanced strength-ductility) and functional versatility through rational molecular design. The integration of experimental synthesis and computational modeling provides a robust framework for advancing bio-based polymers toward practical industrial applications.

关键词

Keywords

references

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