The Effects of Stacking Process on Microstructure and Properties of Natural Rubber and Its Mechanism

Shao-xiong Lian; Jun-qi Zhang; Lin-guang Ruan; Jin Bai; Zheng-tian Xie; Jin-rong Wu

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25074

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The Effects of Stacking Process on Microstructure and Properties of Natural Rubber and Its Mechanism

Research Article | 更新时间：2025-08-28

- The Effects of Stacking Process on Microstructure and Properties of Natural Rubber and Its Mechanism
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Vol. 56, Issue 9, Pages: 1573-1584(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.四川大学高分子科学与工程学院先进高分子材料全国重点实验室成都 610065
  2.昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院昆明 650093
  3.云南农垦集团有限责任公司昆明 650051
  4.云南天然橡胶产业集团有限公司昆明 650216
- 作者简介：
  
  Lin-guang Ruan, E-mail: ruanlg@ynyunken.com
  Zheng-tian Xie, E-mail: zt-xie@scu.edu.cn
  Jin-rong Wu, E-mail: wujinrong@scu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25074
  CLC：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7419
- Received：16 March 2025，
  
  Accepted：17 May 2025，
  
  Published Online：28 July 2025，
  
  Published：20 September 2025
- 稿件说明：
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连绍雄, 张俊祺, 阮林光, 白进, 谢正田, 吴锦荣. 堆捂对天然橡胶微观结构及性能的影响及机制研究. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(9), 1573-1584

Lian, S. X.; Zhang, J. Q.; Ruan, L. G.; Bai， J.; Xie, Z. T.; Wu, J. R. The effects of stacking process on microstructure and properties of natural rubber and its mechanism. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(9), 1573-1584
连绍雄, 张俊祺, 阮林光, 白进, 谢正田, 吴锦荣. 堆捂对天然橡胶微观结构及性能的影响及机制研究. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(9), 1573-1584 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25074. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7419.

Lian, S. X.; Zhang, J. Q.; Ruan, L. G.; Bai， J.; Xie, Z. T.; Wu, J. R. The effects of stacking process on microstructure and properties of natural rubber and its mechanism. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(9), 1573-1584 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25074. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7419.

摘要

天然橡胶(NR)因为其优异的综合性能而成为重要的战略资源，但生产中的批次稳定性问题制约了其工业化发展及实际应用. 将NR生胶原料进行堆捂处理可以一定程度上改善批次稳定性的问题，然而堆捂过程中NR微观结构的变化及其对性能的影响尚未明晰，阻碍了堆捂在NR领域的应用. 本工作采用凯式定氮仪以及傅里叶红外光谱仪研究了NR在堆捂过程中的组成结构变化，采用流变行为分析、加工性能测试、硫化行为表征、机械性能测试等研究了堆捂对NR结构与性能的影响. 结果表明，堆捂过程中NR的蛋白质含量增加，脂质含量降低. 蛋白质含量的增加提高了硫化胶的硫化速率以及能量耗散能力，并赋予NR更好的抗热氧老化性能. 脂质含量的降低使得凝胶含量减少，进一步导致力学性能以及储能模量下降；而凝胶含量的降低促使NR网络结构均化，提升了NR在高温下的储能模量以及硫化胶的力学性能. 本研究揭示了堆捂过程中NR结构的演变规律以及其对性能的影响机理，为堆捂在NR产业的应用提供了理论依据.

Abstract

Natural rubber (NR) has become a crucial strategic resource due to its exceptional comprehensive properties. However

the batch-to-batch stability issues in production have constrainedits industrial-scale development and practical applications. Although stacking treatment of raw NR can partially improve batch stability

the microstructural changes during stacking and their impacts on performance remain unclear

which hinders the industrial application of this technique. The study investigated the structural changes of NR during stacking using Kjeldahl nitrogen determination and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of stacking on NR properties were systematically evaluated through rheological behavior analysis

processing performance testing

vulcanization characterization

and mechanical property measurements. The results demonstrate that stacking treatment increases protein content while reducing lipid content in NR. The elevated protein content enhances the curing rate and energy dissipation capacity of vulcanizates

along with improved resistance to thermo-oxidative aging. Conversely

lipid reduction decreases gel content

leading to diminished mechanical properties and storage modulus. Nevertheless

reduced gel content promotes homogenization of the network structure

thereby enhancing storage modulus at elevated temperatures and ultimately improving the mechanical performance of vulcanizates. This work elucidates the structural evolution mechanism of NR during stacking and its correlation with performance variations

providing a theoretical foundation for implementing stacking technology in NR industrial production.

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references

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