Epoxy-terminated Hyperbranched Poly(arylene ether ketone) Toughened Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin

Yuan-yuan Song; Xi-yan Li; Shuang-er Li; Feng Bao; Cai-zhen Zhu; Jian Xu

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25205

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Epoxy-terminated Hyperbranched Poly(arylene ether ketone) Toughened Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin

Research Article | 更新时间：2026-01-16

- Epoxy-terminated Hyperbranched Poly(arylene ether ketone) Toughened Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Vol. 57, Issue 1, Pages: 168-179(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.深圳大学化学与环境工程学院深圳 518055
  2.深圳光大同创新材料股份有限公司深圳 518000
- 作者简介：
  
  Feng Bao, E-mail: bfisvip@163.com
  Jian Xu, E-mail: jxu@iccas.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25205
  CLC：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7492
- Received：27 August 2025，
  
  Accepted：11 October 2025，
  
  Published Online：19 December 2025，
  
  Published：20 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
宋媛媛, 李茜妍, 李双儿, 鲍锋, 朱才镇, 徐坚. 环氧基封端超支化聚芳醚酮增韧双酚A环氧树脂. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(1), 168-179.

Song, Y. Y.; Li, X. Y.; Li, S. E.; Bao, F.; Zhu, C. Z.; Xu, J. Epoxy-terminated hyperbranched poly(arylene ether ketone) toughened bisphenol A epoxy resin. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(1), 168-179.
宋媛媛, 李茜妍, 李双儿, 鲍锋, 朱才镇, 徐坚. 环氧基封端超支化聚芳醚酮增韧双酚A环氧树脂. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(1), 168-179. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25205. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7492.

Song, Y. Y.; Li, X. Y.; Li, S. E.; Bao, F.; Zhu, C. Z.; Xu, J. Epoxy-terminated hyperbranched poly(arylene ether ketone) toughened bisphenol A epoxy resin. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(1), 168-179. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25205. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7492.

摘要

针对商用双酚A环氧树脂(DGEBA/MXDA)韧性不足的问题，设计并合成了环氧基封端的超支化聚芳醚酮(O-HBP)，系统研究其对环氧树脂固化行为、热/热机械性能与力学性能的影响. 首先，以2

6-三(对羟基苯基)吡啶(HPP)与4

4'-二氟二苯甲酮(DFK)缩聚制得羟基封端超支化聚芳醚酮(HBP-OH)，经乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(EGDE)接枝得到O-HBP. 结构表征(红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱)证实目标结构成功构建.然后，将O-HBP以不同添加量(0 wt%~8 wt%)引入DGEBA/MXDA体系，测试结果表明，O-HBP可降低固化表观活化能；流变结果显示改性体系在30~90 ℃保持低黏度，在100~110 ℃黏度快速上升并趋稳，说明固化充分. 热重与示差扫描量热分析(DSC)证明O-HBP对热稳定性影响不大，而玻璃化转变温度(

)随添加量先升高后降低(最高约102.9 ℃). 动态热机械分析(DMA)结果显示适量O-HBP可显著提高初始储能模量. 力学测试表明，当O-HBP添加4 wt%~6 wt%时综合力学性能最优：拉伸强度、弯曲强度与冲击强度分别最高提升约10.3%、63.

1%与177.6%. 扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观察到明显的拔起、剪切屈服纹理及30~100 nm规模的纳米相分离，揭示能量吸收与裂纹偏转/分支等增韧机制. 本工作为环氧树脂的高效增韧与加工性优化提供了一种结构可设计且易加工的超支化聚合物策略.

Abstract

To address the insufficient toughness of commercial bisphenol A epoxy resin (DGEBA/MXDA)

an epoxy-terminated hyperbranched poly(arylene ether ketone) (O-HBP) was designed and synthesized

and its effects on the curing behavior

thermal/thermomechanical properties

and mechanical performance of epoxy resins were systematically investigated. First

a hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched poly(arylene ether ketone) (HBP-OH) was obtained by the polycondensation of 2

6-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl) pyridine (HPP) with 4

4'-difluorobenzophenone (DFK)

followed by grafting with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) to yield O-HBP. Structural characterization by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (

H-NMR) confirmed the successful construction of the target structure. Subsequently

O-HBP was incorporated into the DGEBA/MXDA system at different loadings (0 wt%-8 wt%). The results indicated that O-HBP reduced the apparent activation energy of curing. Rheological measurements showed that the modified systems maintained low

viscosity at 30-90 ℃ and exhibited a rapid rise and subsequent stabilization of viscosity at 100-110 ℃

indicating sufficient cure. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated negligible impact on thermal stability

while the glass transition temperature (

) first increased and then decreased with loading

reaching a maximum of approximately 102.9 ℃. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that an appropriate amount of O-HBP significantly increased the initial storage modulus. Mechanical testing showed optimal overall performance at 4 wt%-6 wt% O-HBP: the maximum improvements in tensile strength

flexural strength

and impact strength were approximately 10.3%

63.1%

and 177.6%

respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations revealed pronounced pull-out features

shear-yield textures

and nanoscale phase separation of 30-100 nm

elucidating energy absorption and crack deflection/branching mechanisms. This work provides a structurally designable and easily processable hyperbranched polymer strategy for efficient toughening and processing optimization of epoxy resins.

关键词

Keywords

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