Melt-spun High-strength Polyamide Fibers and Their Condensed Structure Evolution

Cheng-yao Liang; Wei-lei Huang; Yu Gao; Sen-long Yu; Heng-xue Xiang; Li-ping Zhu; Ze-xu Hu; Yan-hua Chen; Mei-fang Zhu

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25223

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Melt-spun High-strength Polyamide Fibers and Their Condensed Structure Evolution

Review | 更新时间：2026-01-16

- Melt-spun High-strength Polyamide Fibers and Their Condensed Structure Evolution
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Vol. 57, Issue 1, Pages: 79-94(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  东华大学先进纤维材料全国重点实验室材料科学与工程学院上海 201620
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25223
  CLC：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7488
- Received：30 August 2025，
  
  Accepted：09 October 2025，
  
  Published Online：16 December 2025，
  
  Published：20 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
梁程耀, 黄威蕾, 高宇, 俞森龙, 相恒学, 朱丽萍, 胡泽旭, 成艳华, 朱美芳. 熔融纺高强度聚酰胺纤维及其凝聚态结构调控研究进展. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(1), 79-94.

Liang, C. Y.; Huang, W. L.; Gao, Y.; Yu, S. L.; Xiang, H. X.; Zhu, L. P.; Hu, Z. X.; Chen, Y. H.; Zhu, M. F. Melt-spun high-strength polyamide fibers and their condensed structure evolution. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(1), 79-94.
梁程耀, 黄威蕾, 高宇, 俞森龙, 相恒学, 朱丽萍, 胡泽旭, 成艳华, 朱美芳. 熔融纺高强度聚酰胺纤维及其凝聚态结构调控研究进展. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(1), 79-94. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25223. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7488.

Liang, C. Y.; Huang, W. L.; Gao, Y.; Yu, S. L.; Xiang, H. X.; Zhu, L. P.; Hu, Z. X.; Chen, Y. H.; Zhu, M. F. Melt-spun high-strength polyamide fibers and their condensed structure evolution. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(1), 79-94. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25223. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7488.

摘要

聚酰胺纤维是世界上最早实现工业化生产的合成纤维，也是当今产量第二大的合成纤维，因其具有拉伸断裂强度高、断裂伸长率大、回弹性优等特性，而被广泛应用到纺织服装、工业丝、家纺和特殊防护等领域. 随着工业技术的发展革新，常规的聚酰胺纤维由于断裂强度较低已难以满足某些特殊应用场景的性能需求. 聚酰胺相邻分子链间的酰胺键间极易形成氢键，致使分子链间的相互作用力较强，难以通过高倍牵伸获得高取向结构从而限制了其强度的提高. 为突破现有纺丝体系下聚酰胺纤维力学性能的瓶颈，需要深入了解工艺-结构-性能三元关系，精准调控聚酰胺纤维的多层次结构，进而实现聚酰胺纤维的高强化. 本文就纺丝阶段的三个重要阶段(熔融挤出、牵伸和热定型)讨论了纤维在成形过程中的多尺度结构演变以及纺丝参数对其结构-性能的调控机制，有望为高强聚酰胺纤维工艺设计提供理论指导.

Abstract

Polyamide fiber was the first synthetic fiber to achieve industrial-scale production and remains the second most widely produced synthetic fiber. Its high tensile strength

large elongation at break

and excellent resilience make it widely applicable in textiles and apparel

industrial yarns

home textiles

and specialized protective applications. With the advancement and innovation of industrial technology

conventional polyamide fibers struggle to meet the performance demands of certain specialized applications because of their relatively low tensile strength. The amide bonds between adjacent molecular chains in polyamides readily form hydrogen bonds

resulting in strong intermolecular interactions. This makes it difficult to achieve highly oriented structures through high-ratio drawing

thereby limiting the strength enhancement. To overcome the mechanical performance limitations of polyamide fibers within existing spinning systems

it is essential to understand the process-structure-property triadic relationship and precisely control the multilevel structure of polyamide fibers

thereby achieving high reinforcement. This review examines the multiscale structural evolution of fibers during the three critical spinning stages (melt extrusion

drawing

and thermal setting) and investigates the regulatory mechanisms of spinning parameters on their structure-property relationships. This study aims to provide theoretical guidance for the process design of high-strength polyamide fibers.

关键词

Keywords

references

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