Effect of Alicyclic/Aliphatic Hard Segment on the Structure and Properties of Polyurethane Blends

Yu-jie Wang; Jia-tian Liu; You-qi Jing; Fei Wang; Chun-dong Chen; Ya-yong Hu

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26113

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Effect of Alicyclic/Aliphatic Hard Segment on the Structure and Properties of Polyurethane Blends

更新时间：2026-07-10

- Effect of Alicyclic/Aliphatic Hard Segment on the Structure and Properties of Polyurethane Blends
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Pages: 1-11(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.河南工程学院化工与印染工程学院郑州 450007
  2.兰考县鼎丰木业有限公司开封 475399
- 作者简介：
  
  Fei Wang, E-mail: wf2003@haue.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26113
  CLC：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7631
- Received：21 April 2026，
  
  Accepted：28 May 2026，
  
  Online First：10 July 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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王玉杰, 刘家甜, 荆友麒, 王非, 陈春东, 胡亚勇. 脂环族/直链脂肪族硬段复配对聚氨酯共混材料结构与性能的影响. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26113.

Wang, Y. J.; Liu, J, T.; Jing, Y. Q.; Wang, F.; Chen, C. D.; Hu, Y. Y. Effect of alicyclic/aliphatic hard segment on the structure and properties of polyurethane blends. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26113.
王玉杰, 刘家甜, 荆友麒, 王非, 陈春东, 胡亚勇. 脂环族/直链脂肪族硬段复配对聚氨酯共混材料结构与性能的影响. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26113. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7631.

Wang, Y. J.; Liu, J, T.; Jing, Y. Q.; Wang, F.; Chen, C. D.; Hu, Y. Y. Effect of alicyclic/aliphatic hard segment on the structure and properties of polyurethane blends. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26113. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7631.

摘要

以聚碳酸酯二元醇为软段、1

4-丁二醇为扩链剂，分别采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)合成了具有脂环族硬段的聚氨酯(R-PCPU)与直链脂肪族硬段的聚氨酯(L-PCPU)，并通过溶液共混制备了不同质量比的R-PCPU/L-PCPU共混材料(PUB). 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热失重分析(TGA)、X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、示差扫描量热分析(DSC)及万能试验机等对PUB的结构与性能进行表征. 结果表明：受硬段空间位阻影响，L-PCPU中的氢键作用及微相分离程度均高于R-PCPU，而两者在PUB中均随L-PCPU含量的增加而增强. R-PCPU以软段结晶为主(熔融温度约43.26 ℃)，L-PCPU以硬段结晶为主(熔融温度约168.66 ℃)，PUB则同时呈现软、硬段结晶，其软段结晶能力随L-PCPU含量增加而减弱，硬段结晶能力则随之增强. 得益于环型与线型硬段的协同效应，PUB实现了力学性能的可控调节，兼具优于R-PCPU的断裂伸长率(最高达900%)和优于L-PCPU的拉伸强度(最高达75.62 MPa). 此外，软硬段的同时结晶赋予PUB优异的形状记忆性能，使其具备远高于R-PCPU或L-PCPU的应用价值. 基于综合性能优势，PUB在正畸弓丝、自收缩缝合线等智能医用器械领域展现出广阔的应用前景，本工作同时为形状记忆聚氨酯的结构设计与简便制备提供了新策略.

Abstract

Using polycarbonate diol as the soft segment and 1

4-butanediol as the chain extender

polyurethanes with alicyclic hard segments (R-PCPU) and aliphatic hard segments (L-PCPU) were synthesized using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)

respectively. A series of R-PCPU/L-PCPU blends (PUB) with different mass ratios were prepared

via

solution blending. The structure and properties of PUB were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

thermogravimetric analyze (TGA)

X-ray diffraction (XRD)

differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)

and a universal testing machine. The results showed that

owing to the steric hindrance of the hard segments

hydrogen bonding and microphase separation were stronger in L-PCPU than in R-PCPU

and both properties in PUB increase with increasing L-PCPU content. R-PCPU primarily exhibited soft-segment crystallization (melting temperature of approximately 43.26 ℃)

whereas L-PCPU exhibited hard-segment crystallization (approximately 168.66 ℃). PUB exhibited crystallization behavior in both soft and hard segments. As the L-PCPU content increased

the crystallinity of the soft segment decreased

whereas that of the hard segment increased. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of the ring-shaped and linear hard segments

PUB exhibited controllable mechanical properties

with an elongation at break (up to 900%) higher than that of R-PCPU and a tensile strength (up to 75.62 MPa) higher than that of L-PCPU. Furthermore

the synchronized crystallization behavior of the soft and hard segments endowed PUB with excellen

t shape memory properties

making it significantly more valuable than R-PCPU or L-PCPU. Owing to its comprehensive performance advantages

PUB showed great potential for application in the field of smart medical devices

such as orthodontic wires and self-contracting sutures. This study also provides a novel strategy for the structural design and simple preparation of shape memory polyurethane.

关键词

Keywords

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