最新刊期
      卷 ， 期 1 ， 1987

        Research Article

      • YANG Chang-zheng,SHENG Yi-yu,S. L. Cooper
        Issue 1, Pages: 1-7(1987)
        摘要：Three series of segmented polyurethanes were synthesized，which are based on 4,4’-methylene-di(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI)，N-methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) and hydroxy terminated poly-butadiene，poly (propylene oxide) or poly (ethylene oxide)．The tertiary amine of MDEA was sulfonated with γ-propane sultone，thereby converting these polyurethanes into zwitterionomers. The effects of the chemical composition and the level of ammonium sulfonation on the extent of phase separation，physical properties and morphologies were studied using differential scanning calorimetry，dynamic mechanical analysis，stress-strain testing and IR spectrometry．The results show that：1，For the polyurethanes studied，the miscibility of different soft segments with hard seg-ment is in the order of PEO>PPO>PBD．The PEO polyurethane is nearly homogeneous but the material based on PBD exhibits almost complete microphase separation．2．Ammonium sulfonation shifts the soft segment Tg of PPO and PEO based polymers to lower temperatures，suggesting that ionization improves microphase separation．The soft segment Tg of the polybutadiene system is uneffected by ionization．The tensile properties are improved dramatically with increasing the degree of ionization．3，IR analysis showed that the sulfonate ion SO2 not only associated with the counter ion一N—on the chain extender but also formed hydrogen bond with—NH of urethane linkage．  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • ZHOU Chao-hua,ZHANG Tian-li,LI Yan-feng
        Issue 1, Pages: 8-12(1987)
        摘要：The reaction mechanism of polymerization of 2-furoic acid in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid has been studied by means of TEA and IR. The influence of the quantity of catalyst and temperature of reaction on polymerizadon of furoic acid was invesitigated. The results indicate that the mechanism of polymerization of furoic acid is a stepwise polymerization process, as the temperature was raised. It was polymerized completely above 210℃, and the poly-condensate obtained possessed good thermal stability up to 350℃.  
          
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      • LI Fu-mian,WANG Lin,FENG Xin-de
        Issue 1, Pages: 13-16(1987)
        摘要：The effect of substitution degree and substituent structure of polyions derived from poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) on the water content and antithrombogenecity of formed polyion complexes (PIC) have been investigated. It was found that the water content of the PIC formed from p-formylbenzenesulfonic acid substituted PVA wa higher than that of the PIC formed from p-fonnylbenzoic acid substituted PVA. When substitution degree of polycation increased from 275% to 64%, the water content of the formed PiC increased from 170% to 1270%. The effect of water content and the net charge of PVA-type PIC on the antithrombogenecity was also in-vcstigated by plasma recalcification method.  
          
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      • RUAN Ain-ai,LI Bai-lin,WANG Li-xiang
        Issue 1, Pages: 17-23(1987)
        摘要：The chemical composition of reaction products of a rare earth catalyst, Na(naph)3, AlEt3Cl and Al (i-Bu)3, has been analyzed, and its activity in polymerization of isoprene was studied using kinetic method. The results revealed that the recipe of catalyst components and the method of preparation effected the activity markedly. Besides, the utilization coefficient of the catalyst increased with decrease in catalyst concentration and attained constant value. It was found that the active sites was occupied by excess AlEt2Cl present in the system and thus led to the chain termination reaction.  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • Lu Xi-ci,YANG Zhu-ting
        Issue 1, Pages: 24-29(1987)
        摘要：The compressive stress-strain curves of PMMA in 20 to 160℃ were measured at about 102 to 103/second strain rates by SHPB (Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar) equipment. It was concluded that during the period when the logarithmic strain rate log ε (t), decreases linearly with time the parameter k which relates the acoustic resistance of one-dimentional wave propagation between PMMA and steel bar equals the constant b which characterizes the viscoelastic proper ties of PMMA, b = E'/η' in accordance with the standard linear mechanical model of visco-elasticity. The variance of k with temperature was regarded as the viscoelastic effect of PMMA.  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • HONG Liang-gou,HU Chun-pu,YING Sheng-kang,MAO Shao-giu
        Issue 1, Pages: 30-34(1987)
        摘要：Using gas chromatography method, the effects of the reaction temperature, the concentration of initiator and the pressure of monomer (TFE) on the weight distribution of products in telomerization of TFE with i-C3H7OH have been investigated. Experimental data show that the percentage of product(H-(CF2CF2)nC(CH3)2-OH)with n = 1 increases, and the percentage of all products with n>1 decrease with increase in temperature, while the effect of monomer pressure is quite opposite to that of temperature. The weight distribution of products are affected very slightly by the concentration of initiator. The rate offormation of products with n=l are fast at the beginning of the reaction,but in themiddle and later stage those with n≥3 are more favourable.  
          
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      • WANG Er-jian,LI Miao-zhen,CHANG Zhi-ying,FENG Xin-de
        Issue 1, Pages: 35-39(1987)
        摘要：A kinetic study on the photopolymerization of MMA with benzophenone/triethylamine/mer-captan system as initiator has been carried out in the presence of oxygen. It was found that both aliphatic and aromatic thiols promoted th photooxygenation process, leading to obvious decrease in an induction period of polymerization. The rate-acceleration pf aromatic thiols is more effective than that of aliphatic ones. For example P-toluene thiol as additive increases the relative quantum yield φO2/φN2 to 1.8.  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • DAI Guang-song,LIU Lu-sheng,WU Shi-kang
        Issue 1, Pages: 40-45(1987)
        摘要：In this work, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of dibenzoyl methane have been studied. The structure of dibenzoly. methane is different from o-hydroxybenzophenones and o-hydroxyphenylbenzotriazoles. It has two absorption peaks at 252 nm and 340 nm as well as o-hydroxy-p-octyloxy benzophenone. The absorption at 340 nm is concerned with the formation of . intramolecular hydrogen bond. It has been found that an uncommonly large Stoke's shifts of fluorescence can be observed. The photostabilizing effect of dibenzoyl methane and o-hydroxy-p-octyloxy benzophenone on the photodegradation of cis-1,4-polybutadiene has been investigated for comparison. Its photostabilizing effect is similar to o-hydroxy-p-octyloxy benzophenone.Possible mechanism was discussed.  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • HUANG Ying,LIU Xiang-luan
        Issue 1, Pages: 46-50(1987)
        摘要：The influence of non-ionic surfactants on the stability of polysiloxane anionic latices towards electrolytes was studied. The critical coagulation concentration of magnesium chloride in the diluted latices greatly increased by incorporation of dodecyl polyoxyethylene glycol monoether C12H25 (OCH2CH2)mOH (n= 6.3,C12E6.5). The surface chemical properties of the latices and the composition of the surfactants on the particle surface revealed the synergy between C12E6.3 and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid. They form a mixing interface film. The stabilization of C12E6.3 towards electrolytes can be explicated according to the DLVO theory.  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • HUANG Yong,LI Ban-tong
        Issue 1, Pages: 51-55(1987)
        摘要：By means of the method of refractometry, we studied the lyotropic liquid crystal of cyanoet-hyl cellulose in dimethylforamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and measured the critical concentrations of phase transition C1 and Ca. A series of refractive index-concentration plots were obtained and discussed. It was shown that refractometry was an effective method to research polymer liquid crystalline olutions.  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • ZHOU Ren-mo,WU Wen-chao,LU Mei-li,ZU Zhen-hao
        Issue 1, Pages: 56-62(1987)
        摘要：A series of VDF-TFE copolymers of different composition were studied by 56.4 MHz and 188.2 MHz high resolution 19F-NMR spectrometer. These results indicated that the chemical shifts of central -CF2- group are not only affected by the first and the second neighboring groups, but also by the third neighboring group. VDF and TFE seemed to copolymerize in a random way. The growing polymer chain radical -CF2. or-CH2 . is strongly favored over the CH2 end of CH2 = CF2, and the growth of the chain radical-CH2. trended towards CF2=CF2 in the copolymerization of VDF and TFE.  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • WANG Yue-ding,ZHANG Tong,LIU Ting,WU Mei-yan
        Issue 1, Pages: 63-68(1987)
        摘要：The polymer blends of polypropylene with polyester-polyether multiblock copolymers has been shown to be a micro-phase composite and the mechanical Properties were found to be related to the structures of soft polyether segments. The DSC and polarizing microscopy showed that the degree of crystallinity and the spherulite size of polypropylene in the blends decreased with increasing content of polyester-polyether block copolymer added. When a samll amount of polyester-polyether multiblock copolymers was blend with polypropylene from melt,the rheological properties,dyeability and hydroscopic properties of the blend can be improved.  
          
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        发布时间：2021-03-19
      • LU Xue-hong,CHENG Xing,SUN Yi-shi
        Issue 1, Pages: 69-74(1987)
        摘要：The states of water in poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone-methylmethacrylate) and poly(N-vinylpyr-rolidone-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels have been studied by means of DSC．The effect of polymer structure on equilibrium swelling extent of water has been examined．It was found that the state of water and the water content in different hydrogels were dependent on the kind of monomer used，the component of copolymer，the sequence distribution of the monomer unit and the degree of crosslinking (including chemical and physical) to a great extent．The equilibrium water content of the hydrogel may be regarded as the sum of the different state of swollen water contents of the hydroge．Based on these，a semiempirical formula used to estimate the equili-brium water content of the copolymer hydrogels was presented．  
          
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      • LI Xuan,WANG Ying-kang,YANG Yang
        Issue 1, Pages: 75-80(1987)
        摘要：The crystallization process of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and PEO/polyvinyl acetate (PVA) blends has been characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FUR) spectra in conjuction with DSC. The crystallinity of PEO varies consistently with PEO content in PEO/PVA blends and the PEO/PMMA blends containing 50% or less PMMA. For the PEO/PMMA blends containing 60% or more PMMA, the crystallinity of PEO decreases more than PEO content but develops with crystallization time. These results can be explained in terms of difference between the crystallization temperature and Tg values of the blends as a function of content of non-crystalline component.  
          
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