最新刊期
- 摘要：In this study, two types of crosslinking agents, 1,3-propane bismaleimide (PBMI) and 4,4′-(diaminodiphenyl sulfone) bismaleimide (DBMI), were designed and synthesized. The effects of two types of synthetic crosslinking agents and a traditional crosslinking agent, triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC), on the crosslinking properties of PCL in the irradiation dose range of 5-50 kGy were systematically studied. The results show that the synthesized bismaleimide crosslinking agent has excellent heat resistance, and the initial temperature of thermal decomposition of DBMI reaches 480 ℃. The crosslinking efficiency of DBMI per molar of double bond is 2.4 times that of TAIC, and the crosslinked network is not easily destroyed under high-intensity electron-beam irradiation. The crystallinity of PCL decreased slightly after crosslinking; however, the yield strength increased with increasing gel content. The crosslinking network formed by DBMI exhibited the strongest rigidity, and its yield strength was higher than those of the TAIC and PBMI crosslinked samples. After irradiation, the crosslinked PCL exhibited a shape memory function. The shape recovery rate is primarily affected by the molecular weight between crosslinking points. When the gel content exceeded 55%, the shape recovery rate was more than 93%.关键词：Electron beam irradiation;Polycaprolactone;Triallyl isocyanurate;Bismaleimide crosslinking-agent0|0|0更新时间：2026-03-31
- 摘要：Natural rubber (NR), as a green and renewable polymer material, has been widely applied in numerous fields such as transportation, sealing and shock absorption, marine engineering, and aerospace, owing to its comprehensive excellent properties including high elasticity and strain-induced crystallization, and thus plays an irreplaceable role. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a critical factor contributing to the aging and failure of NR in many harsh environments. However, the carbon-carbon double bonds (C＝C) in the NR molecular backbone are highly susceptible to attack by high-energy UV radiation, leading to molecular rearrangement through chain scission or crosslinking, which degrades its performance or even renders it ineffective. Additionally, traditionally sulfur-vulcanized NR is difficult to recycle and reprocess. Therefore, based on inverse vulcanization, a ternary fluorinated copolysulfide compound (SBAF) with dynamic sulfur bonds and fluoropolymer segments was designed and synthesized. Employed as a functional crosslinker to replace conventional sulfur for NR vulcanization, it constructed a novel NR molecular crosslinking network, simultaneously endowing NR vulcanizates with excellent UV aging resistance and dynamic network characteristics. The results demonstrated that compared with conventional sulfur vulcanization, SBAF-crosslinked NR (NR-SBAF) not only exhibited superior mechanical properties but also showed significantly enhanced UV aging resistance. After 120 h of UV irradiation, the tensile strength and its retention ratio of SBAF-crosslinked vulcanizates were increased by 82.8% and 77.3%, respectively, compared with those of traditionally sulfur-vulcanized counterparts. Furthermore, NR-SBAF possessed favorable thermal self-healing and reprocessable properties, with the maximum tensile strength retention ratio reaching 92.99% after reprocessing. The crosslinking of NR with SBAF provides a novel and effective strategy for the preparation of green and high-performance natural rubber materials.关键词：Inverse vulcanization;Natural rubber;UV resistance;Fluorinated copolymer sulfur;Reprocessability189|130|0更新时间：2026-03-30
- 摘要：The development of flexible electronic technology drives the application of flexible sensors in the fields of human health monitoring and remote diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this study, a pressure sensor was fabricated by taking advantage of the inherent multi-scale pore structure in leather, a polymeric material. The sensor was then combined with a microcontroller and a neural network algorithm to construct a real-time, comfortable and breathable blood pressure monitoring system. The pressure sensor based on the leather/carboxylated carbon nanotube composite exhibited high sensitivity (14.83 kPa-1), fast response (160 ms), short recovery time (60 ms) and a low detection limit (40 Pa). In addition, this sensor inherited the intrinsic flexibility and breathability of leather, which enabled it to ensure wearing comfort while achieving high-quality sensing performance, making it particularly suitable for pulse detection scenarios. The intelligent monitoring system constructed by integrating this sensor with a microprocessor and a neural network could process human pulse signals and realize high-accuracy real-time blood pressure prediction. It breaks through the bottlenecks of traditional blood pressure measurement methods and demonstrates great application potential in the fields of human health monitoring and early diagnosis of diseases.关键词：Flexible electronics;Flexible pressure sensors;Health monitoring;Blood pressure monitoring;Leather/carbon nanotube composite material164|44|0更新时间：2026-03-30
- 摘要：Silica aerogels are among the most promising super-insulating materials owing to their extremely low thermal conductivity. However, their application in thermal insulating textiles is severely restricted by the fragile "pearl-necklace-like" connections between building blocks and the highly porous skeleton, which result in intrinsic brittleness and poor processability. Moreover, a fundamental trade-off exists between mechanical flexibility and thermal insulation. Herein, a core-shell aerogel fiber is developed via coaxial wet spinning. In this design, nanoporous polymethylsilsesquioxane (PMSQ) aerogel skeleton serves as the core to ensure excellent thermal insulation, while a dense and elastic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) shell endows the fiber with outstanding flexibility and stretchability. The resulting fibers exhibit a high elongation at break of (670±23)% and a tensile strength of (2.10±0.02) MPa, whereas the corresponding woven textiles exhibit a low thermal conductivity of (31.2±0.1) mW·m-1·K-1. The woven aerogel textiles exhibit better warmth retention than cashmere at the same thickness, while displaying a lower surface density, indicating an advantage in lightweight thermal insulation. Overall, the core-shell structural design provides a new pathway to overcome the trade-off between mechanical robustness and thermal insulation in aerogels and provide new opportunities for next-generation high-performance thermal insulating textiles.关键词：Aerogel fiber;Core-shell structure;Thermal insulation performance;Mechanical property163|90|0更新时间：2026-03-30
- 摘要：Nanofluidic devices for ions transport possess the ability to bridge the bio-abiotic interface. However, current nanofluidic devices fail to realize the adaptive protection and nonlinear regulation functions similar to electronic current limiters. To address this issue, we reported a nanofluidic ionic current limiter based on composite fibers of graphene oxide (GO) and nanocellulose (NCF). The fibers fabricated by wet-spinning were charactered by ordered confined nanochannels with an interlayer spacing of approximately 1 nm, enabling controllable ion transport. Under strong electrical field stimulation, rapid ion accumulation at the channel entrance triggered a Coulomb blockade effect, leading to a decrease in ion concentration at the entrance and the establishment of an ion concentration gradient opposite to the direction of the electric field, which induced a reverse ion flow. Consequently, the response current exhibited a decrease beyond a voltage threshold, demonstrating a self-adaptive current-limiting behavior analogous to that in electronic circuits. Furthermore, a stimulus-response system built with this material successfully mimiced the transmarginal inhibition mechanisms of neural signals, with the signal carrier can be extended to neurotransmitter (dopamine). This work provides a new device prototype and theoretical foundation for developing adaptive bio‑inspired ionic logic circuits and neuromorphic computing systems.关键词：Bioinspired intelligent device;Cellulose fibers;Ionic current limiter;Nanofluidics187|98|0更新时间：2026-03-30
- 摘要：This study employed a low-temperature solution and high-temperature melt polycondensation method to prepare transparent polyamides via a one-pot process, using alicyclic diamines such as 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane (PACM) and 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane (MACM), along with aliphatic dicarboxylic acids of varying chain lengths as monomers. The successful synthesis of the polyamides was confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed only glass transition temperatures (Tg) without detectable melting temperatures (Tm), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated that all samples possessed an amorphous structure. The research demonstrated that the material has a light transmittance above 90%, coupled with good mechanical properties. As the carbon chain length of the diacids increased, the enhanced flexibility of the molecular chains and the reduced density of amide linkages led to a decrease in the glass transition temperature. MACM-based polyamides showed higher Tg compared to PACM-based ones due to the steric hindrance effect of the methyl groups. Furthermore, the equilibrium water absorption of the materials decreased significantly with increasing carbon chain length, which is beneficial for improving the dimensional stability of the products. This study provides a theoretical foundation for developing polyamide materials with high transparency and low moisture absorption, suitable for applications in optical instruments and other precision components.关键词：Alicyclic;Transparent polyamides;Light transmittance;Moisture absorption9|2|0更新时间：2026-03-30
- 摘要：Silk fibroin hydrogels with a single network lack mechanical strength and other bioactivities. To address this issue, methacrylated silk fibroin (SFMA) hydrogels were first prepared via photopolymerization. Subsequently, double-network composite hydrogels (SFLA) were fabricated through one-step immersion thermal polymerization by blending SFMA with lipoic acid (LA) and arginine (Arg). First, the microstructure and mechanical properties of SFMA hydrogels with different concentrations were determined using scanning electron microscopy and rheology. The appropriate concentrations of LA and Arg were screened through gelation tests, and SFLA hydrogels were prepared. The drug release behavior of the hydrogels was measured using ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. Finally, the biosafety, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial properties of the hydrogels were determined. The results showed that introducing a secondary network cross-linked by LA into the silk fibroin single-network hydrogels enhanced the mechanical strength and adhesion performance of the hydrogels. The synergistic effect of LA and Arg endowed the hydrogels with excellent antioxidant and antibacterial capabilities.关键词：Silk fibroin;Lipoic acid;Arginine;Antibacterial138|107|0更新时间：2026-03-25
- 摘要：Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) are among the most productive and extensively applied polymer materials worldwide, and precise regulation of their properties is a core prerequisite for attaining high-performance characteristics. In this study, a multi-feature machine learning prediction model was established based on the engineering stress-strain curves and three key mechanical indicators (Young's modulus (YM), elongation at break (EB), and tensile strength (TS)) of PE and PP. The model was employed to investigate the influence mechanisms of material attributes, sample preparation processes, and testing parameters on the mechanical properties of target polymers. Seven distinct algorithms, including Lasso, Decision Tree Regression (DTR), and Random Forest Regression (RF), were integrated with five-fold cross-validation and hyperparameter optimization strategies to realize the quantitative prediction of the mechanical properties. Furthermore, Extreme Gradient Boosting Regression (XGBoost, XGB) was adopted to achieve a high-fidelity fitting of the stress-strain curves. Due to the limitation of the amount of data, the prediction accuracy of the mechanical properties of PE has certain limitations. However, from the perspective of the overall trend of the prediction, this prediction method still has a good effect. The results demonstrate that the prediction performance for YM was optimal on the PP dataset, with the coefficient of determination (R2) on the test set reaching no less than 0.80 and even exceeding 0.90 for certain models, without any obvious overfitting. In contrast, the predictive efficacy for EB and TS was constrained by the limited dataset size, where only the RF, XGBoost, and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) models exhibited reliable predictive capabilities on the PP dataset. Under variable control, the R2 value for the prediction of the PP stress-strain curves surpassed 0.90, enabling the accurate reproduction of the temperature-dependent mechanical properties. This study verifies the feasibility of applying machine learning techniques to predict the mechanical properties of polyolefins, thereby providing promising technical support for the rapid evaluation of the mechanical performance of polymer materials.关键词：Engineering stress-strain curve;Machine learning;Mechanical properties147|102|0更新时间：2026-03-25
- 摘要：Based on heterojunction nanocrystals and multilevel dynamic bonds, a self-healing polyurethane with both high strength and toughness was designed and synthesized to address the limited environmental adaptability and difficulty in balancing strength and toughness of conventional self-healing materials in practical applications. A multi-responsive self-healing elastomer was successfully developed by introducing TiO2/CuS heterojunction nanocrystals into an oxime-urethane bond-based polyurethane matrix. Benefiting from the coupling effect between multiple dynamic networks and heterojunction-induced broad-spectrum response, the resulting material exhibited outstanding mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 28.43 MPa, an elongation at break of 1755%, and a toughness of 261.7 MJ/m3. Moreover, damage can be healed efficiently with diverse external stimuli, such as thermal treatment, ultraviolet light, near-infrared light, and simulated sunlight. Field experiments in real outdoor environments showed that surface damage could be effectively repaired within 40 min under sunlight irradiation, achieving a healing efficiency of up to 96.1%. Notably, the material maintained a high healing efficiency of 92.2% even after three consecutive damage-healing cycles at the same site. Therefore, the materials developed in this study have all-weather environmental adaptability and can flexibly adapt to various weather conditions, including sunny, cloudy, rainy, and snowy environments. This study provides a feasible theoretical basis and practical pathway for the development of high-performance self-healing materials suitable for real-world applications.关键词：Polyurethane;Self-healing;Dynamic bonds;Heterojunction;All-weather156|71|0更新时间：2026-03-24
- 摘要：With the development of the national dual-carbon and lightweight strategy, polystyrene/polypropylene (PS/PPO) blend systems have become a research hotspot for foamed materials owing to their lightweight and high performance. However, owing to the strong rigidity of the PS/PPO molecular chains, PS/PPO has a high melt viscosity and poor fluidity during the foaming process, making it difficult to disperse the foaming agent uniformly in the PS/PPO melt, which affects the foaming effect. To address these problems and the challenges of single-phase foaming of high-performance engineering plastics, a phase design for co-mingled foaming systems was employed. This approach optimizes the cell structure from a single phase to a composite structure of flexible and rigid immiscible phases, thereby enhancing the foaming performance of the material. Polystyrene/polyphenylene ether/polypropylene (PS/PPO/PP) blends were prepared using a melt blending method, and the distribution and rheological properties of PP in PS/PPO blends with different PP contents were studied. Using supercritical CO2 as the foaming agent, the PS/PPO/PP blend was foamed by batch kettle foaming, and the cell structure, cell density, and foaming rate of the foamed particles were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the storage modulus and complex viscosity of the substrate at low frequencies changed when PP was added to the matrix. Simultaneously, the dispersion structure of PP with different contents in the matrix significantly affected the crystallization state and foaming effect of the PP/PPO blend and improved the foaming performance of the PS/PPO blend. When the amount of PP was 15%, the minimum pore size was 38 μm, the highest cell density was 3.6×107 cells/cm3, and the foaming ratio was 7.6 times. This study constructs a flexible-rigid two-phase composite to enhance the foaming stability of the material, providing a new approach for foaming high-performance engineering plastics.关键词：Polystyrene;Polyphenylene Ether;Polypropylene;Morphology control;Foaming property213|81|0更新时间：2026-03-24
- 摘要：Membrane distillation (MD) is one of the effective technologies for wastewater desalination; however, conventional hydrophobic microporous membranes are prone to membrane wetting and fouling when treating hypersaline oily wastewater. Herein, we report a Janus organic-inorganic thin-film composite membrane designed for this application. The membrane consists of a hydrophilic dense organic-inorganic thin layer and a hydrophobic porous support of a polypropylene microfiltration membrane. The hydrophilic thin layer was formed via a gas-liquid interfacial reaction between dopamine and polyethyleneimine, followed by bio-inspired silicification. The resulting hydrophilic thin layer exhibited excellent hydrophilicity and underwater oleophobicity, with an underwater oil contact angle of (163.10±2.10)° and an ultralow oil adhesion force of only 4.3 μN. Surprisingly, the thin layer did not compromise the water flux of the membrane significantly. Moreover, in direct-contact membrane distillation (DCMD) experiments treating hypersaline oily wastewater containing sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant and mineral oil, the Janus membrane effectively resisted oil-induced membrane wetting and fouling, maintaining stable flux of (27.59±3.05) L/(m2·h) and rejection of >99.9% during continuous operation for 7 h with a temperature difference of 40 ℃. This work will inspire the future design of membrane distillation membranes for treating complex wastewater systems.关键词：Polydopamine;Polyethyleneimine;Membrane distillation;Organic-inorganic composite membrane;Janus membrane201|86|0更新时间：2026-03-24
- 摘要：Surface adhesion is a common phenomenon in both industrial production and daily life, often adversely affects the reliable operation of facilities and equipment. Organogels that utilize lubricants as solvents have demonstrated distinctive advantages in anti-adhesion, owing to their unique three-dimensional network structure and surface self-lubricating properties. In this work, a low-hysteresis and high-toughness self-lubricating organogel was prepared by copolymerizing the silicone-phobic poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) segments with low glass transition temperature (Tg) and silicone-philic poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PTBMA) with high Tg. The resulting continuous phase-separated structure, combined with the high flexibility of the network, synergistically endowed the self-lubricating organogels with excellent mechanical properties and self-recovery capability. Specifically, the PT1L3 self-lubricating organogels with the TBMA/LMA molar ratio of 1/3 exhibited fracture stress of 0.35 MPa, fracture strain of 798%, and Young's modulus of 0.32 MPa. After a 3-min waiting period, the organogels achieved a self-recovery rate of 94.6% in loading-unloading cycles. Furthermore, droplets slide off the surface at a sliding angle of ≤7°, while bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) adhesion were reduced by 76.6% and 90%, respectively. The ice adhesion strength was as low as 20 kPa. These results indicate that the organogels hold great potential for anti-adhesion and self-cleaning applications.关键词：Organogels;Self-lubrication;Self-recovery capability;Anti-adhesion;Phase separation197|118|0更新时间：2026-03-24
- 摘要：Two pairs of asymmetric β-ketoimine isomers containing a hydroxyl group and the corresponding tridentate titanium complex isomers Ti1/Ti2 and Ti3/Ti4 were synthesized, and the isomeric ligands and complexes were confirmed by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization. Under the action of the cocatalyst MAO, both pairs of titanium complex isomers exhibited high activity for ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with α-olefins. Furthermore, the ethylene (co)polymerization activities of complexes Ti2 and Ti4 with the side arm near the phenyl group were significantly higher than those of the corresponding isomers Ti1 and Ti3 with the side arm near the hydroxyphenyl group. For ethylene polymerization, the activity of complex Ti4 with the methioaniline side arm was the highest, which was three times that of its isomer Ti3 and more than twice that of the similar structural complex Ti2 with the methioethylamine side arm and the control titanium complex Ti5 without the hydroxyl group. Moreover, Ti4 showed extremely high thermal stability, which can maintain extremely high activity above 106 g·molTi-1·h-1 at an ethylene pressure of 1.0 MPa and a high temperature of 100 ℃, and still had high activity at 120 ℃. In the copolymerization of ethylene and α-olefins (1-hexene and 1-octene), the copolymerization activity and insertion rate of the comonomer catalyzed by the complexes Ti3 and Ti4 containing methylaniline side arms were significantly higher than those catalyzed by Ti1 and Ti2 with methioethylamine side arms, with a copolymerization activity of over 106 g·molTi-1·h-1. Ti4 exhibited the highest copolymerization activity, whereas the comonomer insertion rate obtained using Ti3 was the highest. The structure optimization of the β-ketoimine titanium complex isomers was calculated using density functional theory (DFT), and the results were consistent with the trend of the ethylene (co)polymerization activity and the thermal stability of the complexes. The complex Ti4 only required overcoming a relatively small activation energy barrier to complete chain growth, exhibiting the highest catalytic activity and strongest thermal stability.关键词：Titanium complex;β-Ketoimine;Isomer;Ethylene polymerization;Copolymerization53|16|0更新时间：2026-03-24
- 摘要：Conventional thermal conduction models based on effective medium theory are typically established under the single-particle assumption, which makes it difficult to capture interparticle interactions arising from reduced filler spacing and the resulting changes in heat-flux directionality. Consequently, these models fail to adequately describe thermal percolation behavior and exhibit pronounced prediction deviations at high filler loadings. To address this limitation, the authors previously proposed a thermal conduction model based on the least resistance pathway theory. By constraining heat flux to propagate preferentially along pathways with the lowest overall thermal resistance, the model enabled accurate prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of highly filled polymer/quasi-spherical filler composites. Building upon this framework, the present study further extends the least resistance pathway concept to platelet-based composites. By equivalently mapping the highly disordered platelet filler distributions with complex spatial correlations into an analytically tractable simplified thermal resistance network, and by introducing a directional selection mechanism inherent to the least thermal resistance path theory, the vectorial nature of heat flux is explicitly captured. As a result, the proposed model effectively describes thermal percolation and anisotropic heat conduction behavior induced by platelet proximity, overlap, and network formation. Validation against experimental data across multiple materials demonstrates that the proposed model achieves a fitting coefficient of 0.98 over more than 200 datasets of platelet-filled polymer composites, with an average relative error of only 11.54%. The predictive capability extends to filler loadings of up to 50 vol%, covering the majority of currently processable platelet-based composites. This model thus provides an efficient and reliable tool for predicting the thermal performance of polymer/platelet filler composites and offers theoretical insight into thermal percolation phenomena in polymer composites.关键词：Platelet fillers;Polymer composites;Theoretical model;Thermal conductivity;Thermal percolation109|40|0更新时间：2026-03-23
- 摘要：Solar-driven desalination holds significant potential for addressing global freshwater shortages. However, evaporators after prolonged operation commonly face challenges related to difficulty in recycling and degradation, which severely impacts the sustainable application of this technology. Inspired by paper recyclability and the traditional Chinese origami techniques, a recyclable origami-style evaporator was prepared using Enteromorpha prolifera cellulose as the main material mixed with pulp fibers, and graphene nanoplatelets were introduced to enhance its photothermal conversion performance. Under one-sun illumination, the evaporator achieved an average evaporation rate of 2.20 kg·m-2·h-1. Outdoor experimental results demonstrated its effective removal capability for typical ions in seawater, including K+, Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+, with a removal rate exceeding 99%. After recycling and re-preparation, the regenerated evaporator maintained an evaporation rate of 1.95 kg·m-2·h-1. This work not only provides novel structural inspiration for efficient desalination but also offers a sustainable solution to evaporator recyclability and the environmental issue of Enteromorpha prolifera blooms along the Chinese coastline.关键词：Enteromorpha prolifera;Cellulose;Desalination;Photothermal conversion;Recyclability39|15|0更新时间：2026-03-23
- 摘要：It has shown that when the size of polymer materials is reduced to the nanoscale, the physical properties of polymers (e.g., glass transition temperature, diffusion, crystallization, rheological and mechanical behaviors) deviate substantially from their bulk counterparts, showing a pronounced size dependence. The free surface effect of polymers, which is the phenomenon of the chain mobility at the polymer/air (or vacuum) interface is enhanced, then further influencing the overall chain dynamics and physical properties of the polymer materials, is regarded as a key factor contributing to such size dependence. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the progress on the free surface effect of polymers, summarized the physical origins of the free surface effect, introduced its long-range propagation feature, discussed the microscopic mechanisms by which polymer structures and polymer/substrate interfacial effect influence the free surface effect, and prospected the future directions and potential applications in this field.关键词：Free surface effect;Physical origin;Long-range propagation;Polymer structure;Interfacial effect191|122|0更新时间：2026-03-11
- 摘要：For decades, research on aromatic liquid crystalline copolyesters (LCPES) has primarily focused on analyzing and characterizing product properties, while the dynamic changes during polymerization, especially the temperature-dependent evolution of side-reaction products, have remained understudied, thereby hindering the in-depth elucidation of LCPES polymerization mechanisms and the rational optimization of polymerization processes. To address this issue, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to dynamically monitor the side reaction products generated during the melt polymerization of LCPES based on 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) and 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (HNA). This clarified the formation and temperature-dependent evolution trends of seven characteristic side-reaction products, including phenol, phenyl acetate, and 2-hydroxyacetophenone. Based on these findings, a three-stage heating strategy for melt polymerization was proposed: the low-temperature stage (≤250 ℃) focused on suppressing the sublimation of 4-acetoxybenzoic acid (ABA) to minimize deviations in the feed ratio; the medium-temperature stage (250-300 ℃) was prolonged to reduce side reactions such as decarboxylation, ketene elimination, and Fries rearrangement; and the high-temperature stage (>300 ℃) was shortened to mitigate the phenolysis process and avoid issues such as molecular chain scission or cross-linking caused by long-term high temperatures. The experimental results demonstrated that this three-stage heating strategy has significant advantages over the single-stage heating process. The thermal decomposition temperature of the product increased by approximately 11 ℃, with notable improvements in the liquid crystalline characteristics and mechanical properties. Given the high complexity and difficulty in directly characterizing the LCPES polymerization process, dynamic monitoring of side-reaction products indirectly reveals the side reactions and their evolution patterns within the polymerization system, providing guidance for process control and facilitating the preparation of high-performance LCPES products.关键词：Liquid crystalline copolyester;Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry;Side reactions;Polymerization process289|121|0更新时间：2026-03-11
- 摘要：Two novel benzotriazole-based non-fullerene acceptors, YTz-C11 and YTz-PhC6, were designed and synthesized to systematically investigate the effects of replacing the linear functional group (n-undecyl) at the β-position of the thienothiophene unit with a two-dimensional functional group (3-hexylphenyl) on their molecular structure, physicochemical properties, thin-film morphology, and photovoltaic performance. Theoretical calculations demonstrated that the introduction of the benzene ring in YTz-PhC6 leads to a significant increase (approximately 7.8°-8.3°) in the dihedral angle between the IC terminal group and the molecular backbone, thereby optimizing the molecular packing behavior. Spectroscopic and electrochemical tests revealed that YTz-PhC6 exhibits a narrower optical bandgap (1.37 eV) and a lower LUMO energy level (-3.82 eV). Organic solar cells based on PBDB-T:YTz-PhC6 achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.87%, significantly higher than that of devices based on YTz-C11 (10.67%). The superior performance is primarily attributed to faster charge transport, more balanced charge carrier mobility (μh/μe≈1.05), and optimized nanoscale phase-separated morphology. Furthermore, transient optoelectronic tests indicated that YTz-PhC6 devices exhibit shorter charge extraction time (0.42 μs) and longer carrier lifetime (0.95 ms). This study demonstrates that introducing a two-dimensional side chain at the β-position of non-fullerene acceptors can effectively regulate their molecular packing and optoelectronic properties, providing new insights for the material design of high-performance organic solar cells.关键词：Organic solar cells;Non-fullerene acceptors;benzotriazole;Side chain engineering142|113|0更新时间：2026-03-11
- 摘要：Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based all-solid-state polymer electrolytes have attracted considerable attention as safer alternatives to liquid electrolytes. Nevertheless, their practical applications are severely hindered by the low ionic conductivity and poor mechanical strength. To overcome these limitations, we herein fabricated a novel PEO-based electrolyte with three-dimensional composite fiber-networks via electrospinning. By incorporating hypercrosslinked polymer-modified nanoparticles, a mechanically robust framework was established, which simultaneously enhanced structural stability and provided continuous, efficient ion-conduction pathways. As a result, the composite electrolyte, PVDF-PEO-SiO2@HCPs-10%, displayed a wide electrochemical stability window of 5.5 V (versus Li/Li⁺), a high ionic conductivity of 1.41×10-4 S·cm-1 at 40 ℃, and an improved tensile strength of 4.01 MPa. When assembled into LiFePO4//Li cells, the electrolyte enabled excellent electrochemical performance, achieving a high specific capacity of 147.5 mAh·g-1 at a rate of 2.0 C, along with outstanding cycling stability. This work highlights the effectiveness of hyper-crosslinked nanoparticle-reinforced fiber electrolytes in addressing the long-standing challenges of PEO-based electrolyte systems. The proposed design strategy offers a promising avenue toward the development of next-generation solid-state electrolytes with superior safety, ionic conductivity, and mechanical robustness.关键词：Hypercrosslinked polymer;Electrospinning;Fiber network;Solid polymer electrolytes;Lithium-ion batteries203|108|0更新时间：2026-03-09
- 摘要：Natural rubber (NR), as a critical strategic resource, is indispensable in high-end applications due to its exceptional properties. However, performance fluctuations arising from variations in geographical origin, grade, and processing techniques pose challenges to the stable production of high-performance products like specialty tires. Therefore, identifying key parameters that reflect the comprehensive performance of NR, enabling rapid evaluation of high-performance NR, is crucial for its high-end applications. In this work, we investigated the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and microstructure composition of NR from different origins and grades. The comprehensive performance of various NR samples was evaluated through mechanical property testing, aging resistance testing, as well as abrasion resistance and fatigue resistance testing. Finally, correlation analysis was employed to identify key parameters representing the overall performance of NR. The results indicated that fracture toughness exhibited a positive correlation with multiple key properties of vulcanized NR. Given that the fundamental failure mechanism of rubber in service stems from the unstable propagation of internal cracks, and fracture toughness intrinsically characterizes a material's ability to resist unstable crack propagation, fracture toughness was proposed as the key sensitivity parameter for characterizing the comprehensive performance of NR. This work elucidates the intrinsic mechanisms underlying NR performance variations. It provides a theoretical foundation for the rapid evaluation, scientific material selection, and process optimization of NR for high-end applications. The findings offer significant guidance for enhancing the quality consistency and competitiveness of domestically produced NR.关键词：Natural rubber;Microstructural composition;Comprehensive properties;Key parameter315|291|0更新时间：2026-03-05
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