最新刊期
卷 ， 期 1 ， 2011
- 摘要：Chitin is the most abundant nature resources next to cellulose.Regardless its poor solubility, functional materials developed from chitin are showing great potential in biomedical and biology applications due to its appealing biocompatible and biodegradable properties.Chitosan is the most important derivative of chitin.It is hydrophilic, pH responsive, gel-forming and easy to functionization without losing its biological activity.Films, Fibers, gels and powders are found their applications in various occasions.In this review, chitin and chitosan based functional materials are highlighted.Special interests are focused on recent developments in the filed of catalytic materials, medical nanomaterials, analytic materials, antibacterial and edible packaging materials and environmental materials.It is anticipated that more uses of chitin and chitosan as high value-added biomedical materials will be forthcoming in the near future.关键词：Chitin;Chitosan;Catalytic materials;Medical nanomaterials;Analytic materials;Edible packaging materials;Environmental materials
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：As biomacromolecules, non-bioactive proteins have been used with a history of more than millenaries, sharing the merits of abundant source supply, environmental-friendly, reproducible, biodegradable, biocompatible and facile morphological plasticity etc.In this paper, three of the most abundant non-bioactive proteins in nature, collagen, fibrion and soy protein are introduced.The review focuses on the structure of the proteins as well as the recent achievements of their applications in material fields, especially, as carrier for drug delivery and scaffold for tissue engineering, with the scope expanding to bio-related interdisciplines, such as biophotonic devices, optofluidic devices, sensors, bio-integrated electronics, adhesives and superabsorbents, etc.关键词：Protein based materials;Collagen;Animal silk;Soy
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：Starch,as a natural polymer,has the advantages of renewability,biodegradability,abundance and low cost,and has received great attention in non-food applications for a long time.However,starch cannot be used alone as a polymeric material due to its insolubility in cold water,poor shearing stability and water resistance,and absence of melting flow.Therefore,it should be chemically/physically modified in order to strengthen some functions or form some new properties.This review provides an insight into some developments in the chemical and physical modification of starch for its applications in biodegradable plastics,absorption materials,tissue engineering scaffold and drug carriers primarily based on the publications that appeared during the last five years.The chemical modification of starch included esterification,etherification,oxidation,crosslinking and graft polymerization.The physical modification of starch focused on the blending of starch with other biodegradable polymers such as aliphatic polyesters,poly(vinyl alcohol) and other natural macromolecules.Starch nanocrystals obtained by acid hydrolysis were also reviewed,and they can be functionalized or used to enhance the mechanical properties of starch or other polymer materials.As a kind of renewable material,starch,especially the non-food starch should receive more and more attentions in the preparation of practical polymeric materials in the future.
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发布时间：2021-03-19
Reviews
- 摘要：The surface modification of continuous fiber was conducted by the inductive coupling radio frequency cold plasma (ICP) technique.The influence of the plasma parameters, such as treatment time, discharge pressure, power, etc.on the surface chemical composition, surface morphology, surface roughness and surface free energy of continuous fiber was systematically studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) , atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic contact angle analysis (DCAA) , respectively.Results showed that the plasma treatment introduced some polar groups such as O—C O onto the continuous fiber surface, increasing the percentage of surface polar groups;the plasma etched the fiber surface obviously, enhancing the surface roughness and surface free energy and improving the wettability of the fiber distinctly.Plasma treatment conditions should be appropriate during surface modification of fibers by clod plasma.After CF was treated for 5 min, CF surface polar group was increased to a relatively higher level.However, the effect of plasma etching on CF surface is relatively slower.After CF was treated for 5 min, CF surface roughness was changed a little.However, after CF was treated for more than 15 min CF surface roughness was increased significantly.Based on the study above, the interfacial adhesion and fracture mechanism of continuous fiber reinforced soluble polyaromatic ether resin composites was also systematically analysed by interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) , water absorption and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements.It was found that CF reinforced poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) composite interfacial adhesion mechanism analysis indicats that both chemical bonding and mechanical interlocking interaction has a positive effect on composite interfacial adhesion, however, mechanical interaction has a dominant effect on composite interfacial adhesion than chemical bonding interaction.Armos aramid fiber composite interlaminar shear strength increased from 59.5 MPa for untreated sample to 68.8 MPa for plasma treated for 10 min under discharge power at 200 W, with an increase of 15.6%.The water absorption decrease of composite also indirectly showed that oxygen plasma treatment improved composite interfacial adhesion.The primary failure mode of Armos aramid or PBO/PPESK composites shifted from interface failure to matrix fracture after oxygen plasma treatment.The interfacial adhesion of Armos aramid or PBO/PPESK composites was improved by oxygen plasma treatment due to the chemical linkage and mechanical bonding between Armos aramid or PBO fibers and PPESK matrices, and the chemical linkage effect exhibits more contribution than the mechanical bonding.关键词：Poly (aryl ether) resins containing phthalazione moietie;Carbon fiber;Aramid fibers;Poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber;Advanced composite;Surfaces and interfaces
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发布时间：2021-03-19
Feature Articles
- 摘要：The properties of nanoscale water-swellable crosslinked polyacrylamide microspheres were inverstigated by HAAKE rheometer,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and dynamic lighting scattering(DLS).Besides,filtration experiments with nuclear pore films and displacement experiments of sand packed tube were also adopted to investigate selective plugging characteristics of the nanoscale water-swellable crosslinked polyacrylamide microspheres.The results showed that within a certain range of shear rate,the viscosity of the crosslinked polyacrylamide microsphere dispersed system increased with the raising of shearing rate if the concentration of microspheres was limited in 100 ～ 900 mg/L.This phenomenon showed that the crosslinked polyacrylamide microphere dispersed system represented shear-thickening.The viscosity of 50 mg/L microsphere dispersed systems didn ’t change obviously with shearing rate increasing,which showed newtonian fluid characteristics.The dispersed system with concentration of 1500 mg/L showed pseudoplastic fluid property its viscosity decreased with the shear rate increasing.The grain diameter of crosslinked polyacrylamide microspheres increased and it appeared polydispersitic microsphere in the dispersed system due to swelling,and an obvious size polydispersity was observed.These microsphere dispersed systems exhibited effective plugging on 0.4 μm pore-size nuclear pore film and deep plugging in sand packed tube.This deep plugging property of crosslinked polyacrylamide micorspheres closely depends on their deformability under presssure.关键词：Crosslinked polyacrylamide microspheres;Rheology;Nuclear pore film;Plugging effect
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：A hyperbranched polyphosphate bisphenol-A ester flame retardant(HPPEA) was prepared by using phosphorus oxychloride and bisphenol-A.The structure and thermal stability of the product were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR),nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer(1H-NMR,31P-NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).Branching degree of HPPEA determined by 31P-NMR spectrogram was about 51%.HPPEA combined with melamine pyrophosphate(MPP) was incorporated into polyamide 6(PA6).The flame retardant and thermal properties of the flame retardant PA6(FR-PA6) were studied through limiting oxygen index(LOI) and UL-94 vertical burning and TGA tests.The results showed that the LOI for flame retardant PA6 was improved to 27.3 from 21.1 for PA6,and UL-94 V-0 rating was achieved with 20 wt% flame retardant.According to TGA results,the char yield of FR-PA6 at 600℃ was also increased to 16.4 wt% in air atmosphere and 13.6 wt% in N2.Combining with the study of kinetics of thermal degradation and complex viscosity of FR-PA6 samples,clearly synergistic effect existed between HPPEA and MPP,which improved cross linking and char forming of PA6.Furthermore,morphology of char residues of FR-PA6 samples was also investigated by SEM method.Honeycomb and compact char layer was found which effectively protects the internal structure,inhibits the heat transmission and reduces the fuel gas during combustion.关键词：Hyperbranched;Polyphosphate bisphenol-A ester;Flame retardant;Polyamide 6;Char forming
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：The polydicyclopentadiene(PDCPD)/mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15 composites were prepared by the methods of in situ polymerization and SBA-15 supported catalyst,in-situ polymerization.The mechanical performances of PDCPD/SBA-15 composites were studied.The reinforcing mechanism of mesoporous molecular sieve was investigated by XRD,TEM,TG,SEM,etc.The results showed that when the method of in situ polymerization was employed to prepare PDCPD/SBA-15 composites,the polymerization of dicyclopentadiene monomers was difficult to occur in the pores of SBA-15,causing that few molecular chains of PDCPD can form in the pores.The mechanical performances of composites improved weakly,compared with PDCPD,due to the weak interface compatibility between SBA-15 and PDCPD,and the conglomeration phenomenon of SBA-15 in PDCPD.The method of SBA-15 supported catalyst in situ polymerization is beneficial to the form of PDCPD molecular chains in the pores of SBA-15.The form of molecular chains in the pores can improve the interface interaction between SBA-15 surface and PDCPD molecular chains,prevent the conglomeration of SBA-15 particles in PDCPD,and enhance the tensile strength and heat-stability of composites greatly.Compared with PDCPD,the tensile strength of PDCPD/SBA-15 improves by 24.5% with 2% SBA-15 content.关键词：Polydicyclopentadiene;Mesoporous molecular sieve;Support;Composite;Reinforce
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：A series of novel poly(aryl ether ketone) s containing pendant aryl ester groups(PEK-COO-Ar) were prepared from poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing pendant carboxyl acid groups(PEK-A) and phenol in the presence of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and by using p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst.The PEK-A was synthesized from trimellitic anhydride chloride(TMAc),terephthaloyl chloride(TPC) and 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene(p-EKKE) by low temperature solution poly-condensation.By changing the molar ratio of TMAc and TPC a series of PEK-A polymers were prepared.The PEK-COO-Ars were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),wide-angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD),thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The results showed that the glass transition temperature(Tg) of the PEK-COO-Ar was in the range of 195 ～ 219℃ and the decomposition temperature(Td) at 5% weight loss was from 416℃ to 447℃ and the melting temperature(Tm) was between 325℃ and 345℃.The Tg of the PEK-COO-Ar increased by increasing the mole ratio of aryl ester groups in the polymer,while the Td deceased.The polymers were readily soluble in N-methly-2-pyrrodine,chloroacetic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature.They were swelling or soluble in the strong polar aprotic solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF),N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMAc) and dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) by heating.The polymers converted to amorphous when the molar ratio of TPC to TMAc was less than 1.The polymers had good mechanical properties after being isothermally crystallization.The tensile strength,elongation at break and elastic modulus of S2’(TPC/TMAc = 60/40) and S3’(TPC/TMAc = 50/50) were 112.1 MPa,27%,2.9 GPa and 130.3 MPa,24.2%,2.4 GPa,respectively.关键词：Poly(aryl ether ketone)s;Aryl ester;Pendants;Synthesis and property
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：Linear diblock (SB) styrene-butadiene block copolymer, linear triblock [ (SB) 2]and star-shaped four-arm triblock [ (SB) 4 ] poly (styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) copolymers were respectively dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and cyclohexane (CH) , and then their intrinsic viscosities were measured.The obtained viscosity radii (Rη) of the polymers in those solvents were calculated by a modified Einstein equation.The radii of gyration (Rg) of the polymers dissolved in each solvent under different temperatures were obtained from static laser light scattering measurements.Due to the similarity between Rη and hydrodynamic radius (Rh) , the characteristic parameter ρ (= Rg/Rh) , which can be used to describe the morphology of a polymer chain in solution, can be calculated by ρ = Rg/Rη.The ρ value of (SB) 4 in THF is 1.51, but is 0.76 in CH, showing flexible chain and hard sphere morphology, respectively.The ρ values of (SB) 2 are 0.97 and 0.81 in THF and CH, which are located in the region of hollow sphere morphology.However, the ρ values of SB are greater than 1, showing flexible chain morphology in both solvents.Therefore, the molecular architecture of a polymer has great influence on the morphology.关键词：Block copolymer;Molecular architecture;Viscometry;Laser light scattering;Morphology
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：Organic/inorganic support made by poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) P(S-co-AA) and SiO2 was prepared for immobilizing(n-BuCp)2ZrCl2/M-1 hybrid catalyst.P(S-co-AA) was first coated on industrialized M-1 catalyst(SiO2/MgCl2-TiCl3).The hybrid catalyst was achieved after immobilizing(n-BuCp)2ZrCl2 on the P(S-co-AA) layer.The barrier property of P(S-co-AA) layer to cocatalyst MMAO was observed by ethylene polymerization.The appearance of the lag phase in the kinetic curve during the first stage polymerization implied that the exterior catalyst((n-BuCp)2ZrCl2) could be activated prior to the interior catalyst(M-1).In addition,the morphology,short chain branch degree,molecular weight,molecular weight distribution and crystalline property of polymers obtained at different polymerization times were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),gel permeation chromatography(GPC),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),respectively.The results showed that the polymer properties had little variance in the initial polymerization stage.However,two melting peaks gradually generated when the polymerization was conducted for 40 min.Moreover,the molecular weight,molecular weight distribution and short chain branch degree showed obvious changes after 40 min of polymerization time.All of those obvious changes of the polymer properties indicated that M-1 catalyst was gradually activated by MMAO after the polymerization were conducted for 40 min.The activated M-1 catalyst led to a decrease in the molecular weight.关键词：Hybrid catalyst;Organic/inorganic support;Ethylene polymerization;Support fragment
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：By means of a platinum-catalyzed hydrosilylation reaction,2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate(HFMA) and allyl glycidyl ether(AGE) in different proportions were used to react with polymethylhydrosiloxane(PMHS) in turn,then with different fluorine contents,three kinds of cationic UV-curable polysiloxanes containing fluorinated/epoxy side groups(EFPS) were obtained.Their chemical structures were characterized by FTIR,1H-NMR and 13C-NMR.By respectively mixing the three synthesized polysiloxanes with a selected UV-curable epoxy resin(E51),a series of cured composite films were prepared via cationic photopolymerization under UV irradiation.The thermal stability,surface energy and water resistance property of these cured composite films were analyzed by means of TGA,surface contact angle test and water absorption ratio test.The results indicated that after the introduction of the cationic UV-curable epoxy groups into the side chains of PMHS,the obtained EFPS had more crosslinkable groups,leading to relatively high crosslink degree between the EFPS and the selected epoxy resin.When a quantity of the EFPS was added into epoxy resin matrix,in the presence of fluorine and silicon,the temperature values of the 5% mass loss(T5%) and the 50% mass loss(T50%) of the cured composite films increased to 337.7℃ and 463.6℃,respectively,and their residual weight at 600℃ increased to 25.6%.The calculated surface energy values of the cured films decreased from 44.1 mJ/m2 to 15.3 mJ/m2,and the water absorption ratios were lower than 0.5%.By scanning electron microscopy measurements,the cross-section morphology of the cured composite films showed that the EFPS and the selected epoxy resin was compatible.
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)(PTT) was melt-blended with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers(EVA) with the aim of enhancing toughness and plasticity of PTT.However,these two polymers were found to be thermodynamically immiscible and the formed blends showed deteriorated mechanical properties.The multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNT) were thereby used to improve the phase morphology and adhesion of the PTT/EVA blend.The phase structures and rheology as well as mechanical properties were investigated by using scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),contact angle measuring device and rotational rheometer respectively.A special selective localization of CNT could be observed on the ternary PTT/EVA /CNT composites.The CNT are selectively dispersed in the matrix PTT phase and the interface between two phases.This is due to the lower viscosity of PTT and its better affinity to CNT than those of the EVA.Thus,the CNT is more readily to be embedded by the PTT but not EVA during melt processing and finally,to be dispersed in the PTT phase and the interface.As a result of such selective localization,the size of EVA phase domains is reduced and the phase adhesion of the ternary composites is improved remarkably in contrast to those of the binary PTT/EVA blend.Therefore,the modulus and the plasticity of composites were enhanced.The CNT are believed to act as the compatibilizer and the plasticizer in the immiscible PTT/EVA blend.
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：A series of complex molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared in THF /methand mixed solvents, using quercetin-Cu (Ⅱ) complex as template and methacrylic acid as functional monomer.The interaction between quercetin (quercetin is a kind of flavonoids which are important active ingredients of Chinese herbs) and Cu (Ⅱ) was investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, which reveals the formation of 1:2 complex in the system.The results of UV-Vis spectroscopy also indicated the interaction among quercetin, Cu (Ⅱ) and methacrylic acid.The effect of solvent on the morphology and network structure of complex molecularly imprinted polymer and its binding capacity were studied by transmission electron microscopy and equilibrium binding experiments.It turned out that binding capacity was greatly influenced by solvent amount.Systematic study on recognition properties of imprinted polymer was carried out and effect of different anions and cations on binding capacities of complex molecularly imprinted polymer was investigated.It was found that complex molecularly imprinted polymer showed good binding characteristics to quercetin in the presence of Cu (Ⅱ) and the max binding amount reached 61.09 μmol/g.Besides quercetin-Cu (Ⅱ) complex molecularly imprinted polymer has excellent elution property, and it is easy to be regenerated and reused.关键词：Quercetin;Cu (Ⅱ);Complex molecularly imprinted polymer;Recognition characteristics
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：In order to explore new applications of near-critical water (NCW) and develop a green technology of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hydrolysis, kinetics of non-catatalyzed hydrolysis of PAN in NCW was investigated.After examining the repeatability of experiment data and studying the effect of the ratio of PAN to water on hydrolysis reaction, the non-catalyzed hydrolysis kinetics of PAN in NCW was systematically determined in the temperature range from 210℃ to 250℃, and hydrolysis products were characterized by IR, TG, GPC and element analysis.The results reveal that non-catatalyzed hydrolysis of polyacrylonitrile in NCW is feasible.The acid concentration initially increases rapidly and then reaches a constant level of around 55% ～ 60% of the total amount of functional groups.The amide concentration passes through a shallow maximum and then remains constant at approximately 40% ～ 45% of the total amount of functional groups.Amide and acid groups obviously reach equilibrium concentrations, in which reaction temperature and the ratio of water to PAN are the two key factors influencing the hydrolysis reaction.Binary or ternary copolymers with different contents of functional groups could be obtained by altering the reaction conditions.Using the assumption of a series of first-order kinetics equations, the activation energies evaluated are 53.37 kJ.mol-1 for PAN hydrolysis and 120.55 kJ.mol-1 for polyacrylamide hydrolysis.A new methodology of non-catalyzed modification of PAN in NCW is established, which is environmentally-benign and reaction controllable.关键词：Near-critial water;Polyacrylonitrile;Non-catalyzed hydrolysis;Reaction kinetics
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发布时间：2021-03-19 - 摘要：To obtain an environment friendly and stable silylated polyurethane /clay composite,a composite catalyst containing montmorillonite and organic bismuth compounds was developed for the preparation of polyurethane based on polypropylene glycol(PPG),toluene diisocyanate(TDI),N-butyl-γ-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and montmorillonite via in situ polymerization.The montmorillonite can catalyze the reaction of isocyanate(NCO) and hydroxyl group(OH) effectively,and interestingly,a synergistic catalytic effect between montmorillonite and organic bismuth compound was observed in this system and verified by dibutylamine titration and online IR sptctrum measurement.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) results showed that the silylated polyurethane prepolymer was successfully synthesized.In addition,the influence of the catalyst composition on the storage stability of prepolymer was evaluated with an accelerated aging method.The result indicated that all the silylated polyurethane/montmorillonite composite had relatively good storage stability.Furthermore,the montmorillonite-catalyzed silylated polyurethane prepolymers are found to be more stable than those catalyzed by organic bismuth compound,showing that the montmorillonite as a catalyst can not only catalyze the reaction between NCO and OH,but also inhibit the hydrolysis and condensation of the prepolymers,which was confirmed by using viscosity increases of these prepolymers induced with excessive miosture.Hence,our results provide a facile and effective composite catalyst for the preparation of silylated polyurethane,which holds great promise for further investigation and applications.关键词：Silylated polyurethane;Composite catalyst;Montmorillonite;Organic bismuth
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发布时间：2021-03-19
Research Article
- 摘要：Sulfanilamide magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer was prepared by using sulfanilamide as template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer and Fe3O4 magnetic fluid.The Fe3O4 magnetic fluid was successful preparedly by chemical co-precipitation method.The recognition mechanism of polymer was studied by UV spectrophotometry.The adsorption properties and selectivity ability were analyzed by Scatchard analysis and the equilibrium rebinding experiments.The results clearly exhibit that the synthesized magnetic molecularly-imprinted polymers have high sulfanilamide binding ability.Scatchard linear regression analysis indicated that the apparent maximum binding capacity (Qmax) was 280.99 μmol/g and the dissociation contents (KD) of Sulfanilamide magnetic microsphere was 1.58 × 10-3 mol/L.关键词：Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles;Molecular imprinting polymers;Absorption characteristic
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发布时间：2021-03-19
Research Bulletin
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