废弃一次性医用口罩的回收利用与化学升级再造

陈海明; 董侠; 赵莹; 王笃金

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20136

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废弃一次性医用口罩的回收利用与化学升级再造

综述 | 更新时间：2021-01-26

- 废弃一次性医用口罩的回收利用与化学升级再造
- Recycling and Chemical Upcycling of Waste Disposable Medical Masks
- 高分子学报 2020年51卷第12期页码：1295-1306
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院化学研究所北京分子科学国家研究中心中国科学院工程塑料重点实验室　北京 100190
  2.中国科学院大学　北京 100049
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王笃金，男，1967年生. 中国科学院化学研究所党委书记，副所长，研究员，博士生导师. 1989、1992年于山东大学获得学士、硕士学位，1995年于北京大学获得博士学位，1995 ~ 1997年在中国科学院化学研究所从事博士后研究，2000 ~ 2001年、2004年在德国马普高分子所做访问学者. 2004 ~ 2014年任工程塑料院重点实验室主任. 2009年获得国家杰出青年基金支持. 从事高分子材料凝聚态结构、加工成型、服役行为等基本科学问题研究和大品种高分子材料(聚烯烃、聚酰胺等)高性能化的关键技术开发，致力于从化学结构、链构象水平理解高分子材料结晶、取向以及加工过程中结构转变的物理本质，并将基础研究成果用于指导石油化工和新材料行业的技术进步，取得较好的经济和社会效益. 发表学术论文300余篇，出版、参与编写和翻译专著4部，授权中国发明专利、欧洲和美国专利40余项，获得中国科学院、北京市、上海市、中国人民解放军、中国分析测试协会等科技奖励10余项. 现担任《中国塑料》《塑料》《Polymer International》等期刊编委，《高分子学报》和《Chinese Journal of Polymer Science》副主编，中国化学会高分子学科委员会常务副主任，RSC Fellow，ACS Fellow" ]
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20136
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2020-10-21，
  
  网络出版日期：2020-8-11，
  
  收稿日期：2020-5-28，
  
  修回日期：2020-6-15，
扫描看全文
陈海明, 董侠, 赵莹, 王笃金. 废弃一次性医用口罩的回收利用与化学升级再造[J]. 高分子学报, 2020,51(12):1295-1306.

Hai-ming Chen, Xia Dong, Ying Zhao, Du-jin Wang. Recycling and Chemical Upcycling of Waste Disposable Medical Masks[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2020,51(12):1295-1306.
陈海明, 董侠, 赵莹, 王笃金. 废弃一次性医用口罩的回收利用与化学升级再造[J]. 高分子学报, 2020,51(12):1295-1306. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20136.

Hai-ming Chen, Xia Dong, Ying Zhao, Du-jin Wang. Recycling and Chemical Upcycling of Waste Disposable Medical Masks[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2020,51(12):1295-1306. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20136.

摘要

自新冠肺炎疫情以来，全球对一次性医用口罩(disposable medical masks

DMMs)等医疗物资的需求不断攀升，根据流行性传染病专家预判，在未来很长一段时间内，通过佩戴口罩阻隔细菌和病毒等将成为生活常态. 如何处理大量废弃DMMs，是全球各个国家和地区面临的重要课题. 本综述从化学升级再造(chemical upcycling)的角度出发，综述和展望了废弃DMMs的主体材料(聚丙烯，PP)回收的现状和未来升级再造的途径，包括机械共混、化学改性、可控降解、物理加工改性等，并分析了各种途径的优劣势，指出将废弃PP通过化学方法有选择性地转换为产品种类单一的相关化学品、燃料和高附加值的相关材料，是实现将废弃DMMs变“废”为“宝”和可持续发展的根本方法.

Abstract

Since the COVID-19 epidemic

the global demand for medical supplies

e.g

disposable medical masks (DMMs)

have been largely increasing. Blocking bacteria and viruses

via

wearing masks

according to the pre-judgment of epidemic infectious disease experts

will be a normal phenomenon within a long future period. Therefore

how to process the large number of waste DMMs properly is becoming an important issue for various countries and regions all over the world. From the view of chemical upcycling

this paper reviews the current status of recycling

and prospects the upcycling of polypropylene (PP)

which is the main component of DMMs. The upcycling methodologies here mainly include mechanical blending

chemical modification

controllable degradation and physical process modification. Both the advantages and disadvantages of these methodologies have been discussed based on the analysis of technological feasibility and economic benefit. On the basis of the formation of public awareness of recycling and treatment of waste DMMs

by exploring the mechanism of decomposition

reconstruction and re-functionalization of PP

developing new selective green catalysts

degradants

in situ

collaborative detection technologies

utilizing the residual value of the existing waste DMMs

etc

. will greatly promote the upcycling of waste DMMs. It is believed that converting waste PP selectively into a single type of chemicals

fuels and high value-added material by chemical ways is the fundamental method to realize the transformation of waste DMMs from “waste” to “treasure” and sustainable development.

关键词

废弃一次性医用口罩聚丙烯回收利用化学升级再造

Keywords

Disposable medical masksPolypropyleneRecyclingChemical upcycling

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