小角中子散射技术及其在大分子结构表征中的应用

左太森; 马长利; 韩泽华; 李雨晴; 李明涛; 程贺

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20242

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小角中子散射技术及其在大分子结构表征中的应用

综述 (高分子表征技术专题) | 更新时间：2023-05-22

- 小角中子散射技术及其在大分子结构表征中的应用
- The Basic Principle of Small Angle Neutron Scattering and Its Application in Macromolecules
- 高分子学报 2021年52卷第9期页码：1192-1205
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院高能物理研究所中国散裂中子源 2.散裂中子源科学中心东莞 523803
  2.中国科学院大学北京 100049
  3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "程贺，男，1978年生. 中国科学院高能物理研究所东莞研究部研究员. 1996年考取中国科学技术大学，2006年在吴奇教授课题组获得博士学位. 随后赴中国科学院化学研究所韩志超研究员课题组工作，建设我国第一台SANS(2012年国家验收). 2014年加入中国散裂中子源，中国科学院高能物理研究所东莞研究部，现正在主持建设世界上第二台基于散裂中子源的VSANS. 致力于使用和发展散射方法，研究软物质多相多尺度结构和动态学行为." ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 ┣U1830205;21674020);11805035┫;国家自然基金大科学装置联合基金(基金号 U1932161);广东省科技厅微小角中子散射谱仪建设项目资助
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20242
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2021-09-20，
  
  网络出版日期：2021-06-03，
  
  收稿日期：2020-11-04，
  
  修回日期：2020-12-22，
扫描看全文
左太森,马长利,韩泽华等.小角中子散射技术及其在大分子结构表征中的应用[J].高分子学报,2021,52(09):1192-1205.

Zuo Tai-sen,Ma Chang-li,Han Ze-hua,et al.The Basic Principle of Small Angle Neutron Scattering and Its Application in Macromolecules[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2021,52(09):1192-1205.
左太森,马长利,韩泽华等.小角中子散射技术及其在大分子结构表征中的应用[J].高分子学报,2021,52(09):1192-1205. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20242.

Zuo Tai-sen,Ma Chang-li,Han Ze-hua,et al.The Basic Principle of Small Angle Neutron Scattering and Its Application in Macromolecules[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2021,52(09):1192-1205. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20242.

摘要

小角中子散射(SANS)是一种表征从纳米到微米尺寸物质特征结构的有力工具，配合中子的强穿透性和同位素辨识等特性，在软物质大分子结构表征方面发挥着独特的作用. 随着中国散裂中子源(CSNS)在2018年正式对外接受机时申请，国内SANS用户群逐年扩大. 本文首先简要介绍小角中子散射技术的基本原理、谱仪结构和实验技巧，然后紧扣小角谱仪的特点和方法学方面的最新进展，介绍小角中子散射在高分子溶液、高分子共混物和复合材料、高分子结晶、凝胶、多孔材料、生物大分子等研究领域的结构表征方面的典型应用. 小角中子散射和其他表征手段，如小角X射线散射(SAXS)相互紧密配合和补充，成为连接大分子内部多相多尺度的微观结构和宏观性能的桥梁.

Abstract

Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a powerful tool to characterize multi-scale structures in macromolecules. Deep penetration and H/D isotope labeling make it a unique scattering method. To make it more familiar to the users

basic principle of SANS

instrumentation and experimental skills were firstly demonstrated. Then typical applications in the fields of polymer solution

polymer blends

nanocomposites

crystallization

gels

porous materials and biomacromolecules were introduced. As for the data analysis of complex systems

such as biomacromolecules

in addition to the traditional data analysis methods

advanced methods such as the ab initial analysis and Reverse Monte-Carlo (RMC) simulations provide more detailed information. Combine with small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)

static light scattering (SLS)

electron microscope (EM)

et al

SANS enables us to solve the structure and interaction of more complicated systems such as interaction of biomacromolecues and solvation of polymers in mixed solutions. As the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) was officially opened to the users around the world in 2018 and SANS instruments equipped with various sample environments are being built

more opportunities are opened to the SANS communities domestically and abroad.

关键词

小角中子散射大分子多相多尺度结构表征中国散裂中子源

Keywords

Small angle neutron scatteringMacromoleculesMulti-scale and multi-phaseStructure characterizationChina spallation neutron source

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