半导体共轭聚合物光学探针的设计及在自发光成像和光声成像中的应用

王鑫; 甄叙; 蒋锡群

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21019

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半导体共轭聚合物光学探针的设计及在自发光成像和光声成像中的应用

专论 | 更新时间：2024-02-20

- 半导体共轭聚合物光学探针的设计及在自发光成像和光声成像中的应用
- Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Optical Imaging: Self-luminescence Imaging and Photoacoustic Imaging
- 高分子学报 2021年52卷第7期页码：687-707
- 作者机构：
  
  南京大学化学化工学院南京 210023
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: zhenxu@nju.edu.cn
  [ "蒋锡群，男，1961年生. 南京大学化学化工学院教授、博士生导师. 教育部“长江学者与创新团队”负责人，国家杰出青年基金获得者，国家重点研发计划项目负责人，国际生物材料科学与工程学会联合会会士(Fellow，Biomaterials Science and Engineering). 曾获得教育部自然科学一等奖，中国化学会高分子科学创新论文奖，中国生物医学工程学会“黄家驷生物医学工程奖”一等奖，中国生物材料学会生物医用高分子分会杰出贡献奖. 主要研究方向为：大分子自组装、高分子影像材料、高分子药物传输系统、蛋白大分子药物." ]
- 基金信息：
  
  -05-26网络出版;国家自然科学基金(基金号 51903120);南京市留学人员科技创新项目择优资助(基金号 0205133385)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21019
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2021-07-20，
  
  收稿日期：2021-01-20，
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王鑫,甄叙,蒋锡群.半导体共轭聚合物光学探针的设计及在自发光成像和光声成像中的应用[J].高分子学报,2021,52(07):687-707.

Xin Wang, Xu Zhen, Xi-qun Jiang. Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Optical Imaging: Self-luminescence Imaging and Photoacoustic Imaging[J]. ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA, 2021,52(7):687-707.
王鑫,甄叙,蒋锡群.半导体共轭聚合物光学探针的设计及在自发光成像和光声成像中的应用[J].高分子学报,2021,52(07):687-707. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21019.

Xin Wang, Xu Zhen, Xi-qun Jiang. Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Optical Imaging: Self-luminescence Imaging and Photoacoustic Imaging[J]. ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA, 2021,52(7):687-707. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21019.

摘要

光学成像因其无侵袭性、高时空分辨率和高灵敏度在生物医学领域得到迅速发展. 光学成像中自发光成像包括化学发光成像和长余辉成像不需实时光激发，避免了自发荧光的影响，可以得到较高的灵敏度和信噪比. 光声成像则是将光信号通过热膨胀转化为声信号，避免了光散射的影响，具有较高的组织穿透深度. 本文针对半导体共轭聚合物光学探针在自发光成像和光声成像技术中的应用进行综述，重点介绍了半导体共轭聚合物光学探针用于增强自发光成像、光声成像的信号强度的设计策略，以及响应型光声探针的设计原理. 阐述了通过降低光学探针与发光底物之间的能隙等策略增强自发光成像信号强度，通过淬灭荧光或加速热扩散等策略放大光声信号，以及通过特异性生物分子识别或相互作用激活的响应型光声探针的具体研究成果. 最后，对半导体共轭聚合物光学探针在光学成像领域存在的挑战和前景进行了展望.

Abstract

Optical imaging plays an important role in the biomedical field due to its noninvasiveness

high spatiotemporal resolution

and high sensitivity capabilities

which allows for real-time visualization of numerous cellular and molecular processes in living organisms to investigate their biological functions. As one of the most widely used optical imaging techniques

fluorescence imaging suffers the relatively poor signal-to-background ratio (SBR) and low tissue penetration depth due to light scattering and tissue autofluorescence induced by real-time light excitation. To address these issues

self-luminescence and photoacoustic (PA) imaging have recently developed

which eliminate concurrent light excitation and detect acoustic signals with minimized acoustic scattering

respectively

leading to higher SBR and deeper imaging depth relative to fluorescence imaging. This review focuses on the recent development of semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) for self-luminescence and PA imaging. The molecular engineering design approaches to amplifying the self-luminescence efficiency and PA brightness of SPNs are highlighted. The design strategies based on the chemically initiated electron exchange luminescence (CIEEL) to amplify the chemiluminescence intensity of SPNs and the afterglow luminescence imaging of phenylenevinylene-based SPNs are introduced. The design strategies including the fluorescence quenching or accelerated heat dissipation to amplify the PA brightness of SPNs are also introduced. Then

the SPN-based smart activatable probes for

in vivo

PA imaging are discussed. The facile modification and intraparticle engineering allow SPNs responsive to various biological and pathological indexes

including pH and reactive oxygen species (ROS)

and the designs and PA imaging applications of these SPN-based activatable probes are introduced in detail. Finally

current challenges and perspectives of SPNs in the biomedical field are proposed.

关键词

光学成像自发光成像光声成像半导体共轭聚合物光学探针生物医学应用

Keywords

Optical imagingSelf-luminescence imagingPhotoacoustic imagingSemiconducting polymer nanoparticlesBiomedical applications

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