相变气凝胶的设计合成及其微环境调控性能研究

方强; 单夏梦; 刘玲; 胡雪妍; 王锦

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21187

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相变气凝胶的设计合成及其微环境调控性能研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2024-10-08

- 相变气凝胶的设计合成及其微环境调控性能研究
- Design and Synthesis of Phase-Change-Material Aerogels for Personal Thermal Management
- 高分子学报 2022年53卷第2期页码：165-173
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所纳米轻量化重点实验室苏州 215123
  2.中国科学技术大学纳米技术与纳米仿生学院合肥 230026
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: jwang2014@sinano.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0203301);国家自然科学基金(基金号 ┣91963124);51773225┫
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21187
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2022-02-20，
  
  网络出版日期：2021-10-15，
  
  收稿日期：2021-07-10，
  
  录用日期：2021-08-17
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
方强,单夏梦,刘玲等.相变气凝胶的设计合成及其微环境调控性能研究[J].高分子学报,2022,53(02):165-173.

Fang Qiang,Shan Xia-meng,Liu Ling,et al.Design and Synthesis of Phase-Change-Material Aerogels for Personal Thermal Management[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2022,53(02):165-173.
方强,单夏梦,刘玲等.相变气凝胶的设计合成及其微环境调控性能研究[J].高分子学报,2022,53(02):165-173. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21187.

Fang Qiang,Shan Xia-meng,Liu Ling,et al.Design and Synthesis of Phase-Change-Material Aerogels for Personal Thermal Management[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2022,53(02):165-173. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21187.

摘要

人体微环境调控可以通过材料本身性能的调控实现穿着凉爽舒适，对提高生活品质、减少碳排放具有重要价值. 然而传统材料仅能单向地实现致冷或保温，同一材料实现致冷、保温双向功能，依然是本领域重要挑战和值得及时探索的方向. 本文采用冷冻-解冻制备水凝胶与冷冻干燥技术，设计合成系列以聚乙烯醇和相变微胶囊为骨架的相变气凝胶. 此类相变气凝胶同时具有优异的压缩和拉伸性能，能够压缩55%以上或拉伸达25%，突破了气凝胶不可拉伸、相变材料硬脆不可拉伸的特征. 比表面积最高达14.4 m

/g，密度和热导率分别低至0.11 g/cm

和0.040 W/(m·K)，相变焓可进行调控，最高达到46.1 J/g. 进一步的实验证明，相变气凝胶较于热导率更佳的聚乙烯醇气凝胶具有更加优异的温度调控能力，温度维持能力最高可达纯气凝胶的2.6倍. 因此相变气凝胶同时具有优异的绝热和调温性能，在微环境调控领域具有重要应用价值.

Abstract

Personal thermal management is a strategy to energy management of human body and its local environment

which can significantly improve human body thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption on building cooling and heating. Traditional approaches could either self-cooling or thermal insulation

but could hardly fulfill both thermal insulation and cooling in one structure. Thus

it’s still a challenge to design and synthesize materials with dual functions. In this work

phase-change-material aerogels (PCMAs) were designed and synthesized

via

a sol-gel and freeze drying process

in which PVA and microencapsulating PCM acted as stable skeleton for the porous structures. The PCMAs showed excellent mechanical properties and could be compressed up to 55% or be tensile stressed up to 25%

making them outstanding for traditional aerogels and PCMs. The specific surface areas of the aerogel reached 14.4 m

and extremely low density (0.11 g/cm

) and low thermal conductivity (0.040 W/(m·K)) were also achieved. Impressively

the PCMAs exhibited high latent heat up to 46.1 J/g. When the outer temperature was 78 ℃

the inner temperature protected by PCMA was

. 60 ℃

which was 18 ℃ lower. On the other hand

when the environment temperature was reduced

the temperature reservation ability of the PCMA was 2.6 times of that of pure PVA aerogel (which possessed lower thermal conductivity of 0.028 W/(m·K) but zero latent heat). The results indicated that the PCMAs had excellent thermal insulation and temperature reservation capacities

suggesting that the PCMAs could be ideal candidates for personal thermal mana

gement.

关键词

气凝胶相变材料多孔材料聚乙烯醇

Keywords

AerogelPhase change materialsPorous MaterialsPoly(vinyl alcohol)

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