Graphene is a two dimensional honeycomb-like framework constructed by pure sp2-carbon atoms which exhibits extraordinary electronic and heat transport properties.Meanwhile

polymers are chain-like or network-like macromolecules formed by a series of monomers containing numerous heteroatoms (e.g.

H

O

N) and also functional groups.Due to the large specific surface area and excellent electrical properties of graphene

various high-performance graphene-based energy storage devices including lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors have been frequently demonstrated.Whilst

thanks to controllable structures and ultra-high surface areas

microporous polymers show potential in applications such as gas storage

catalysis and sensing.Recently

numerous transitional intermediates lying between graphene and polymers have attracted intense interest

being a new star in energy storage applications.Within this kind of nanomaterials

numerous graphene-like subunits are organically interconnected by small organic and/or polymeric fractions

forming diverse porous structures.With such structural characteristics

they are of well-designed combination of electron transport channels and ion transport channels

showing great potential in energy storage applications.Combined with recent progress made by our group and also others

we outline two representative approaches (bottom-up and top-down) for the synthesis of these novel materials (denoted as graphenal polymers)

as well as exemplify their potential applications.