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东南大学化学化工学院 南京 211189
Published:20 April 2018,
Received:3 May 2017,
Revised:22 May 2017,
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Jin Wang, Lin-lin Deng, Ling-xiang Guo, Bao-ping Lin, Hong Yang. Preparation and Radiation Shielding Properties of Sandwich-structured Lead-containing Polyimide Materials. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica (4):507-514(2018)
Jin Wang, Lin-lin Deng, Ling-xiang Guo, Bao-ping Lin, Hong Yang. Preparation and Radiation Shielding Properties of Sandwich-structured Lead-containing Polyimide Materials. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica (4):507-514(2018) DOI: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.17121.
采用离子交换法合成了以化学方式键合铅离子的二胺单体4,4'-二氨基-1,1'-联二苯-2,2'-二磺酸铅BDSA(Pb),并与二胺单体4,4'-二氨基-二苯醚(ODA),二酐单体均苯四甲酸酐(PMDA)在溶剂
N
-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)中完成缩聚反应,通过改变2种二胺单体的摩尔比,采用热亚胺法和流延法逐层浇筑的工艺,制备出了一系列侧基键合铅离子的三明治结构的聚酰亚胺复合材料PI(Pb),试图解决传统物理共混方法制备的复合材料中易出现的铅元素分布不均匀、机械性能差的科学问题.实验结果表明:以纯PI为参照物,制备的PI(Pb)复合材料对
241
Am(59.5 keV)、
238
Pu(79.9、176.7 keV)等中低能
γ
射线具有很好的屏蔽效果,而且具备优良的耐辐照性能、优异的热稳定性能和良好的力学性能.
4
4'-Diaminobiphenyl-2
2'-disulfonic acid lead (BDSA(Pb)) is synthesized by ion exchange method
and copolymerized with 4
4'-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA) and 1
2
4
5-benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride (PMDA) in
N
-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). Through thermal imidization and layer-by-layer casting process
a series of membranes of three-layer sandwich-structured lead-ion-containing polyimide composite material PI(Pb) are prepared
aiming to solve the problems of inhomogeneous distribution of lead
phase segregation and poor mechanical properties. These problems are commonly observed in traditional composite materials prepared by physical blending
which has been widely used for fabrication of X-ray and
γ
-ray shielding organic-inorganic composite materials by physically doping lead or its salts into a large volume of light-weight
easily-processed polymer matrixe. In this novel sandwich structure
the top and bottom layers are two pure polyimide layers obtained by polymerization of 4
4'-diaminodiphenyl ether with 1
2
4
5-benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride; the middle layer is the lead-ion-containing polyimide. The chemical and physical properties of this novel PI(Pb) composite material are throughly investigated
using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
elemental analysis
X-ray diffraction
thermal gravimetric analysis
tensile testing experiments and
γ
-ray radiation
etc
. First
the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the PI(Pb) composite materials are examined and analyzed. Secondly
60
Co
γ
-ray radiation experiment is carried out on pure PI and PI(Pb) materials to analyze and compare their radiation resistance performances. Finally
the low-medium energy
γ
-ray radiation shielding properties of the materials are investigated using multi-channel gamma spectroscopy. Compared with pure polyimide material
this PI(Pb) composite material has much better
γ
-ray shielding capability under exposure of low-medium energy
γ
-rays (such as
241
Am
59.5 keV; and
238
Pu
79.9
176.7 keV)
enhanced radiation shielding rate
much higher linear attenuation and much lower half-value thickness
higher superior radiation resistance
excellent thermal stability and good mechanical performance.
复合材料聚酰亚胺辐射屏蔽三明治结构
Composite materialPolyimideRadiation shieldingSandwich structure
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