Phase-separation Mechanism and Morphological Control in All-polymer Solar Cells

Chun-peng Song; Yi Qu; Jian-gang Liu; Yan-chun Han

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.17236

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Phase-separation Mechanism and Morphological Control in All-polymer Solar Cells

Feature Articles | 更新时间：2021-01-26

- Phase-separation Mechanism and Morphological Control in All-polymer Solar Cells
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Issue 2, Pages: 145-163(2018)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.高功率半导体激光国家重点实验室长春理工大学理学院长春 130022
  2.高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春 130022
  3.海南师范大学物理与电子工程学院海口 571158
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.17236
  CLC：
- Published：20 February 2018，
  
  Received：24 August 2017，
  
  Revised：22 September 2017，
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Chun-peng Song, Yi Qu, Jian-gang Liu, Yan-chun Han. Phase-separation Mechanism and Morphological Control in All-polymer Solar Cells. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica (2):145-163(2018)
DOI：

Chun-peng Song, Yi Qu, Jian-gang Liu, Yan-chun Han. Phase-separation Mechanism and Morphological Control in All-polymer Solar Cells. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica (2):145-163(2018) DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.17236.

摘要

全共轭聚合物太阳能电池具有给受体能级可调、吸收范围宽及可溶液加工等优势，已经成为太阳能电池领域发展趋势.在开发高性能材料及器件结构优化的推动下，能量转换效率已经突破9%.然而，共轭聚合物分子刚性及分子结构各向异性等特点，导致全共轭聚合物共混体系相分离及结晶行为复杂，相区尺寸及界面处分子取向可控性差，难于深入理解并认识活性层结构对器件光物理过程的影响.本文从热力学及动力学角度入手，详述了全共轭聚合物共混体系相分离结构、相区尺寸及界面分子取向的可控调节.共混体系中分子迁移能力及溶液相分离类型是影响相分离结构的本质因素，并通过改变给受体比例及分子规整度等实现了孤岛、双连续及互穿网络结构的构筑.同时，通过添加第3组分调节溶剂-溶质分子间相互作用或聚合物分子间相互作用，在不降低活性层结晶性的基础上实现了相区尺寸的调控.最后，利用附生受限结晶原理及溶液状态，通过改变分子运动能力及在溶液中聚集程度，实现了由edge-on到face-on取向的转变.

Abstract

Compared to the polymer/fullerene system

all-polymer solar cells

based on conjugated polymers as both donor and acceptor

have many potential advantages such as achieving more efficient light absorption and high open-circuit voltage

as well as easily solution processing and large-area fabrication. Strongly promoted by developments of materials and device structure

the power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been reached 9%. However

conjugated polymers have more rigid molecules compared to the flexible polymers and thus will form chain entanglement and

interaction with each other

leading to a more complex phase separation process in the conjugated polymer system. Besides

the strong molecular interaction between donor and acceptor polymers may generate a long-range phase domain in the blend films

which will inhibit the excitons to diffuse to the donor/acceptor (D/A) phase interface. In addition

the difference of thermodynamics steady state between the donor and the acceptor polymers may lead to the formation of different molecular orientation

which will impede the exciton dissociation. To solve these problems

by tuning the thermodynamic and dynamics factors

including molecular rigidity and blend ratio

the phase-separated structure of the conjugated polymer blend system was adjusted and the phase separation mechanism was identified

based on which the phase diagram of the conjugated polymer blend was depicted. By controlling phase separation structure

the interpenetrating networks were obtained

facilitating the charge transfer and collection. Besides

the domain size and film crystallinity were adjusted by reducing the solvent-polymer interaction parameter and polymer-polymer interaction parameters. Due to the decreased domain size

the efficiency of the exciton diffusion was enhanced. In addition

the solution state or molecular diffusion rate was adjusted to adjust the molecular orientation. By increasing the aggregation of the polymers in solution and introducing the epitaxial crystallization

the molecular orientation could change from edge-on to face-on. The identical molecular orientation for the donor and the acceptor improved the exciton dissociation efficiency and the device performance.

关键词

全共轭聚合物太阳能电池形貌调控相分离结构相区尺寸分子取向

Keywords

All-polymer solar cellsMorphology controlPhase separationDomain sizeOrientation

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