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1.武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院 武汉 430205
2.生物医用高分子材料教育部重点实验室 武汉大学化学与分子科学学院 武汉 430072
Published:2018-7,
Received:15 November 2017,
Revised:11 December 2017,
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Si Chen, Guo-ping Yan, Xian-zheng Zhang. Intelligent Responsive Polymers for Gene Delivery. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica 0(7):853-863(2018)
Si Chen, Guo-ping Yan, Xian-zheng Zhang. Intelligent Responsive Polymers for Gene Delivery. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica 0(7):853-863(2018) DOI: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.17313.
智能响应性高分子由于具有优异的环境响应性、多样的功能性、良好的生物可降解性和生物相容性而在生物医用领域备受瞩目. 基于特定功能的智能响应性高分子基因载体可以克服基因运载中的障碍,降低对正常组织和细胞的毒副作用,提升靶细胞的基因转染效率. 此外,大部分智能响应性高分子能有效结合多种治疗方式以实现更有效的治疗效果. 本文综述了近年来智能响应性高分子在基因运载及相关生物医用领域的研究进展,对相关智能响应性高分子的设计及特点进行了介绍,并进一步对其在基因运载及相关生物医用领域的应用前景进行了展望.
Gene therapy is a remarkable technique which regulates specific gene expression in targeted cells to treat acquired and inherited diseases
via
exogenous nucleic acids. However
naked genes could hardly be utilized directly due to their large size
low stability in circulation and poor cellular uptake. Therefore
suitable gene vector plays a crucial role in gene therapy. Though a mass of gene delivery systems have been developed and shown extraordinary potential to treat gene-related diseases
the clinical applications of gene therapy are still limited by various biological barriers. These barriers include DNA packaging
bloodstream clearing
non-specific cellular uptake
cytomembrane obstructing
endosomal escape
DNA release and potential toxicity to normal tissues
etc
. In order to overcome these barriers
the gene vectors should satisfy numerous requirements
including effective gene packaging
prolonging the circulation time in bloodstream
excellent targeting ability
the endosomal escape capability
reduced vector-induced toxicity and the capacity of stimuli-responsive gene unpacking
etc
. Intelligent responsive polymers have attracted increasing research attentions in gene delivery applications due to their excellent responsiveness
superadditive versatility
prominent biodegradability and superb biocompatibility
etc
. Thus
utilizing the intelligent responsive polymers with special functions could overcome a series of barriers in gene delivery. In addition
most intelligent responsive polymers can creatively combine multiple treatments for tumor therapy to achieve more effective therapeutic effects. This review highlights the designs
characteristics as well as biomedical applications of intelligent responsive polymers in gene delivery field in recent years. The types of response in intelligent responsive polymers include pH response
reduction response
enzyme response
light response and multiple response
etc
. The research trends and prospects of these polymers are also discussed. In order to push forward the studies of intelligent responsive polymers in gene delivery field and to develop novel gene vectors
more research attention should be paid to responsive polymers with proper chemical properties
suitable physical properties
desired architectures and appropriate functions.
智能响应性高分子基因传递pH响应还原响应酶响应光响应
Intelligent responsive polymerGene deliverypH ResponsiveReduction responsiveEnzyme responsiveLight-responsive
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