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1.四川大学高分子研究所 高分子材料工程国家重点实验室 成都 610065
2.Polymer Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843-3123, USA
Published:2018-10,
Received:22 March 2018,
Revised:11 April 2018,
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Yang Xu, Dun Li, Jia-bin Shen, Shao-yun Guo, Hung-Jue Sue. Research Progress in Scratch Behaviors of Polymeric Materials. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica 0(10):1262-1278(2018)
Yang Xu, Dun Li, Jia-bin Shen, Shao-yun Guo, Hung-Jue Sue. Research Progress in Scratch Behaviors of Polymeric Materials. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica 0(10):1262-1278(2018) DOI: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.18089.
随着高分子材料在光学、包装、汽车及建筑装饰等领域的广泛应用,市场对其表面质量的要求越来越高. 刮擦是尖锐硬物在材料表面滑动时产生的一种力学变形和破坏行为. 多维复杂应力的作用使材料表面因塑性变形而形成可见划痕,从而对材料的美观性、完整性和持久性带来负面影响. 近年来,随着刮擦测试方式和相关标准的建立,并结合计算机的模拟预测,研究者们对高分子材料在刮擦过程中的破坏模式与机理及其内在多层次结构与刮擦性能关系的理解日趋深入,从而为高分子材料的耐刮擦性能改性提供了重要的实验和理论依据. 基于此,本文综述了国内外在高分子材料刮擦性能测试和表征方法、刮擦过程中的变形与破坏机理、刮擦行为的影响因素以及耐刮擦改性方法等方面的研究进展.
With their broad application of polymer materials in optical
packaging
automotive
decorating areas and so on
the demand for their surface quality is becoming higher. Different from frictional wearing
scratching is a special mechanical deformation and failure process caused by a hard tip which is normally compressed on a material and quickly moved across its surface and subsurface. It has been widely demonstrated that the aesthetics
integrity and durability of most polymer materials are susceptible to damage by scratching even under low contact loads. Therefore
the scratch resistance as one of the basic mechanical performances for polymeric materials has caught significant and increasing attention in both academic and industrial areas in recent 15 years. Commonly
the scratching process contains a rapidly changing three-dimensional stress field due to the fast tip movement and can be performed by applying different tip geometries or dimensions. To evaluate and detect the scratch behaviors of a polymeric product qualitatively and quantitatively
several measuring techniques and standards have been established. In general
the scratch deformation can be divided into initial damage (ploughing)
periodic damage (wedge formation) and material removal stages. To improve the scratch resistance
it is necessary to comprehensively understand the relationship to the structures and morphologies of the polymeric materials as well as various measuring conditions
such as the scratching rate
normal load
humidity and temperature
etc
. In this brief review
the progress in recent studies on scratch behaviors of polymeric materials is presented. The main contents include the measuring and analyzing methodologies for evaluating the scratch resistance
the failure patterns and deformation mechanisms corresponding to different damage stages occurring in a scratch process
the intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing the scratch behaviors
and the modification strategies for resisting the scratch deformation. At last
the perspective of the fundamental studies in this field is concluded as well.
高分子材料表面刮擦结构与性能
Polymer materialsSurfaceScratchStructure and property
ISO 19252:2008, Plastics−Determination of Scratch Properties
ASTM D7027-13, Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Scratch Resistance of Polymeric Coatings and Plastics Using an Instrumented Scratch Machine
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