based on the coordination capability of nitrile groups in nitrile rubber (NBR) with metal ions
a novel type of rubber material with sacrificial domains was designed. Specifically
copper sulfate (CuSO
4
) and vulcanization package were introduced into styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/NBR blend by mechanical mixing and hot pressing. As a result
SBR with sulfur crosslinkings are formed as continous phases while the NBR mainly crosslinked by Cu(II)-nitrile coordination bonds are acted as dispersed phases
which are used as deformable domains to reinforce SBR. With the increasing concentration of coordination bonds in dispersed phase
both strength and modulus of the rubber improve rapidly. When 20 wt% NBR was introduced
the strength and modulus of SBR are increased by 2.6-fold and 3.2-fold
respectively. The significant reinforcing effect of this system is attributed to the strong yet deformable domains. The strong domains have hydrodynamic effect
which greatly improve the moduli of the samples. On the other hand
upon external stress
the loading can be rapidly transferred from SBR matrix to the domains owning to strong interfacial interactions
forcing the domains to develop high-elastic deformation prior to the rupture of SBR chains and dissipate mechanical energy
thus significantly enhancing the toughness of the rubber. This forced high-elastic deformation in domains can be recoverd through relaxation at a high temperature to fully restore the mechanical properties. Overall
this work provides a new way for the reinforcement of non-polar rubber through the design of deformable domains.
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