The Investigation from Animal Silks to Silk Protein-based Materials

Gong-wen Yang; Kai Gu; Zheng-zhong Shao

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20142

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The Investigation from Animal Silks to Silk Protein-based Materials

Feature Articles | 更新时间：2021-05-15

- The Investigation from Animal Silks to Silk Protein-based Materials
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Vol. 52, Issue 1, Pages: 16-28(2021)
- 作者机构：
  
  聚合物分子工程国家重点实验室复旦大学先进材料实验室高分子科学系　上海 200433
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20142
  CLC：
- Published：3 January 2021，
  
  Published Online：14 September 2020，
  
  Received：1 June 2020，
  
  Revised：12 July 2020，
扫描看全文
Gong-wen Yang, Kai Gu, Zheng-zhong Shao. The Investigation from Animal Silks to Silk Protein-based Materials. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica 52(1):16-28(2021)
DOI：

Gong-wen Yang, Kai Gu, Zheng-zhong Shao. The Investigation from Animal Silks to Silk Protein-based Materials. [J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica 52(1):16-28(2021) DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20142.

摘要

作为具有优异综合力学性能的天然蛋白质纤维，丰产的动物丝特别是蚕丝长期伴随着人们的日常生活，近十余年来，各种具有特色的功能性丝蛋白基材料更是层出不穷. 但在探索动物丝和丝蛋白基材料的过程中，动物丝纤维是经由蚕或蜘蛛等动物的纺器而纺制得到的简单事实往往被忽视；换言之，动物丝实际上是动物对丝蛋白进行体内“加工”后的产物，也是丝蛋白基材料中的一种. 因此，天然动物丝中独特的各等级间构效关系与丝蛋白基材料的构效关系之间并不存在着必然的传承效应. 本文着重介绍了我们在对动物丝和丝蛋白基材料探索中的经验和体会，即在强调以丝蛋白分子链结构与性能及其之间的关系为研究重点的基础上，从比较和发掘各种天然动物丝的特性入手，进而了解丝蛋白分子链在本体和溶液中的行为，并通过对动物丝蛋白分子链聚集态结构的调控，以达到设计制备一系列多形貌和多功能的动物丝蛋白基材料的目的.

Abstract

Animal silk

especially silkworm silk

which has a long history and good practical performance

is one of the outstanding representatives for natural biomaterials. Although both of silkworm silk and spider dragline silk (abbr. as spider silk below) are formed by natural proteins with the similar molecular weight as well as amino acid composition

the comprehensive mechanical properties (especial the toughness) of the silkworm cocoon silk are much worse than those of spider silk

Previously

it was reasonably thought that such contrast on the mechanical properties of the silks was caused by the different amino acid sequences of silkworm silk protein (named as fibroin) and spider silk protein (named as spidorin). Nevertheless

the properties of the silk fibers formed by these recombinant spidroins still show less competitive with those of natural animal silks (including silkworm silk) in terms of mechanical properties besides the extremely high cost for the production so far. Indeed

it must be recognized that animal silk is naturally processed and can be directly used as a fiber. Therefore

the reasonable routine for basic research and practical development of animal silk and silk protein-based materials should be (1) exploration of intrinsic properties and investigation of multi angle/multi-level structure-property relationships of natural silk fiber; (2) acquisition/regeneration of silk protein and the research on its molecular chain behavior; (3) according to the understanding on its molecular chain behavior based on the multi-level structure-property relationship of regenerated silk protein molecular chain

endowing silk protein based-materials with various sharps

morphologies as well as functions

especially those non-fiber materials

in order to achieve diversified applications. Based on a few of achievements in our group

this article reviewed the way mentioned above regarding the investigation on animal silks and fibroin-based materials

while emphasized that the hierarchical structure and structure-function relationship in the natural fiber could not spontaneously extend to silk protein-based materials. We also expected this concept would lead the research on the preparation of animal silk proteins represented non-physiologically active biomacromolecule-based materials with different morphologies and site-specific functions.

关键词

动物丝丝蛋白聚集态结构构效关系

Keywords

Animal silkSilk proteinCondensed stateRelationship between structure and property

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