The alternating copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide (COS) with epoxides is an emerging approach to the synthesis of sulfur-containing polymers. Epichlorohydrin (ECH) is a low-cost
commercially available epoxide rich in chloride. The copolymerization of COS with ECH can afford a unique poly(monothiocarbonate) (PMTC) containing chloride and sulfur atoms that could be a functional material. In this work
we report for the first time the alternating copolymerization of COS and ECH using metal-free catalysts. A binary catalytic system consisting of triethyl boron (TEB) and Lewis base (
e.g
. PPNCl
NBu
4
Cl
PPh
4
Cl
PPh
4
Br
DTMeAB and DBU) afforded PMTCs with completely alternating structures (
i.e
.
alternating degree
>
99%)
the head-to-tail diad content
>
99%. The effect of various experimental conditions including the types of organic Lewis acid-base pairs
reaction temperatures
feeding ratios on the copolyemrization were investigated through controlled experiments. The combination of TEB/PPNCl (molar ratio of 2/1) could effectively catalyze the copolymerization of COS with ECH at 0 °C
with ECH conversion up to 92%
and produce the copolymer with number-average molecular weight (
M
n
) of 3000 g/mol that is comparable to the previous result
via
bifunctional metal catalyst. Although it is still a big challenge to obtain ECH/COS copolymer with high molecular weights
this work also discovers that organic Lewis pairs could efficiently achieve fully alternating oligomers with
M
n
less than 1000 g/mol at 30 °C
providing a new option for high value-added utilization of COS and ECH.
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