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Superentropy Effect and Macromolecular Entropy Control Strategy
- ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA Vol. 52, Issue 9, Pages: 1076-1099(2021)
- 作者机构：
清华大学化学工程系 北京 100084
- 作者简介：
Li-tang Yan, E-mail: ltyan@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21044
CLC：Published：20 September 2021，
Published Online：24 June 2021，
Received：08 February 2021，
Revised：02 March 2021，
扫 描 看 全 文
戴晓彬,张轩钰,高丽娟等.强熵效应与大分子体系的熵调控[J].高分子学报,2021,52(09):1076-1099.
Dai Xiao-bin,Zhang Xuan-yu,Gao Li-juan,et al.Superentropy Effect and Macromolecular Entropy Control Strategy[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2021,52(09):1076-1099.
戴晓彬,张轩钰,高丽娟等.强熵效应与大分子体系的熵调控[J].高分子学报,2021,52(09):1076-1099. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21044.
Dai Xiao-bin,Zhang Xuan-yu,Gao Li-juan,et al.Superentropy Effect and Macromolecular Entropy Control Strategy[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2021,52(09):1076-1099. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2021.21044.
摘要
在大分子体系中，以链的构象熵为主的熵效应对体系的微观结构和宏观性能都起着至关重要的作用. 然而，熵的统计本质使其远不像焓作用那么直观，甚至会导致反直觉的现象出现. 因此，探寻大分子体系中的熵效应，对于深入揭示此类体系纷繁复杂现象背后物理机制的重要性来说是不言而喻的，已成为高分子与软凝聚态物理学以及生命科学等多学科相交叉的重要前沿研究领域. 如何在阐释熵效应的独特作用规律基础上，有效地调控熵以实现对体系微观结构的熵调控进而发展新型功能体系，是该领域一个亟需解决的重要科学问题. 本文总结了我们在提出并发展熵调控策略方面的研究进展. 首先，剖析了熵效应的一些基本作用规律，涵盖熵致有序和熵力等，并进一步提出了强熵效应的概念. 其次，阐述了熵调控策略的必要性、基本原理以及调控途径. 同时，举例介绍了熵调控策略在大分子体系中的应用，涵盖高分子纳米复合体系、凝胶网络、生命大分子体系以及大分子胶体体系等. 最后，简明扼要地展望了该领域的未来发展趋势以及面临的关键问题，以期为其以后的发展提供些许有益的启迪.
Abstract
Entropy
one of the elementary parameters in thermodynamics
is a central concept in statistical mechanics. In macromolecular systems
entropic effects
predominantly from the conformational entropy of a chain
play an essential role in both microstructural organization and macroscopic properties. In striking contrast to enthalpic interactions
entropic effects seem to be elusive and even lead to counterintuitive performance due to the statistical nature of entropy. Thus
exploring the entropic effects in macromolecular systems is of significant importance in elucidating the physical origin behind many complex phenomena
and has become one of the most important directions in the interdisciplinary fields covering polymer physics and soft matter physics. One particular aspect lies in how to manipulate entropic effects to tune the structural organization and thereby develop new functional systems
based on a fundamental understanding of the rules governing the ectopic effects. Here
we summarize our recent progress in proposing and developing entropic strategy in the structural control of macromolecular systems. Firstly
we elucidate the unique rules of the entropic effects
including entropic ordering and entropic forces
and propose the concept of superentropic effect. The significance
principles
and approaches regarding the entropic strategy are then described. Some applications of entropic strategy in various macromolecular systems
such as polymer nanocomposites
polymer gel networks
and biological macromolecules
are also presented. We finally seek to discuss future directions and identify open problems regarding the future progress of the entropic strategy. We hope that this article will promote further efforts toward fundamental research and the wide applications of entropic strategy in elucidating physical mechanisms
developing new types of functional materials
and beyond.
关键词
熵调控强熵效应高分子链构象统计熵力软凝聚态物理
Keywords
Entropic strategySuperentropic effectConformation statistics of polymer chainEntropic forceSoft matter physics
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Huang Zihan(黄子涵), Dong Bojun(董伯骏), Chen Pengyu(陈鹏宇), Yang Ye(杨烨), Zhu Guolong(朱国龙), Yan Litang(燕立唐). Acta Polymerica Sinica(高分子学报), 2016, (8): 979-991. doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2016.16055http://dx.doi.org/10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2016.16055
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