High-performance Degradable Cationic Polymers Based on Ring-opening Reactions and Their Biological Applications

Ya-qi Zhao; Yu-jie Sun; Bing-ran Yu; Fu-jian Xu

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24242

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High-performance Degradable Cationic Polymers Based on Ring-opening Reactions and Their Biological Applications

Review | 更新时间：2025-01-24

- High-performance Degradable Cationic Polymers Based on Ring-opening Reactions and Their Biological Applications
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Vol. 56, Issue 2, Pages: 200-214(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院北京 100029
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24242
  CLC：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2024.7318
- Published：20 February 2025，
  
  Published Online：10 January 2025，
  
  Received：18 September 2024，
  
  Accepted：2024-10-24
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
YA-QI ZHAO, YU-JIE SUN, BING-RAN YU, FU-JIAN XU. High-performance Degradable Cationic Polymers Based on Ring-opening Reactions and Their Biological Applications. [J]. Acta polymerica sinica, 2025, 56(2): 200-214.
DOI：

YA-QI ZHAO, YU-JIE SUN, BING-RAN YU, FU-JIAN XU. High-performance Degradable Cationic Polymers Based on Ring-opening Reactions and Their Biological Applications. [J]. Acta polymerica sinica, 2025, 56(2): 200-214. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24242. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2024.7318.

摘要

不可降解的阳离子聚合物会在体内累积，会对人类健康造成潜在危害，限制了阳离子聚合物的应用. 因此，开发生物相容性高、可降解性能好的阳离子聚合物材料具有重要意义. 开环反应是获得可降解阳离子聚合物的方法之一，使阳离子聚合物具有更好的可降解性能及生物安全性. 本文主要介绍了3种基于开环反应的可降解阳离子聚合物的构建策略，包括“一锅法”多胺基多环氧的开环反应、

-羧基环内酸酐(NCA)开环聚合和双硫交换反应，不同的构建策略制备出具有独特结构的可降解阳离子聚合物，包括支化阳离子聚合物、多肽阳离子聚合物、聚二硫化物，不同的结构赋予了可降解阳离子聚合物更高的性能. 此外，对高性能可降解阳离子聚合物在核酸递送、抗菌等方面的生物应用进行了总结.

Abstract

Non-degradable cationic polymers can accumulate in the body

which can cause potential harm to human h

ealth and limit the application of cationic polymers. Therefore

it is important to develop cationic polymer materials with high biocompatibility and good degradability. Ring-opening reaction is one of the methods to obtain degradable cationic polymers with better degradability and biosafety. In this review

three strategies for the construction of degradable cationic polymers based on ring-opening reactions are presented

including the one-pot poly-amine and poly-epoxy ring-opening reaction

the ring-opening polymerization of

-carboxyanhydride (NCA)

and the bisulfide-exchange reaction. The degradable cationic polymers with unique structures were prepared by the different construction strategies

including branched cationic polymers

peptide cationic polymers

and polydisulfides. Different structures endowed the degradable cationic polymers with higher performance. In addition

the biological applications of high performance degradable cationic polymers in nucleic acid delivery and antibacterial applications are summarized in this review.

关键词

阳离子聚合物开环反应可降解递送载体抗菌材料

Keywords

Cationic polymersRing-opening reactionDegradableNucleic acid delivery vectorAntibacterial materials

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