Novel chiral and achiral bisphenol A and bisphenol AF based benzoxazine monomers were synthesized from the reaction of bisphenol A (bisphenol AF) with paraformaldehyde and primary amines
including (R)-(+)--methylbenzylamine and/or (S)-(-)--methylbenzylamine
via solventless method.The chemical structures and properties of the benzoxazine monomers were identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR)
polarimeter
and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The curing behavior and thermal properties of benzoxazine monomers and cured polymers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).The results showed that solventless method provided faster reaction rate
higher yields
and was more environmentally friendly than conventional solvent method.Achiral benzoxazine monomers with double chiral center consisted of four isomers
such as two racemic isomers and two mesomeric isomers.The content of mesomeric isomers was higher than that of racemic isomers.Chiral and achiral benzoxazine monomers underwent the same curing behavior.For achiral polybenzoxazines
the methyl and benzyl chains in racemic and mesomeric structures twined for each other in a disorderly manner to be like a wedge due to the different stereo-configuration of achiral benzoxazine molecules
which resulted in lower free volume and tighter packing of the polymer than those of chiral polybenzoxazines.Consequently
achiral polybenzoxazines showed higher glass transition temperature than that of chiral polybenzoxazines and bisphenol A-aniline based polybenzoxazines.Moreover
CF bond with high dissociation energy contributed to improvement of thermal properties of the polymer.As a result
the bisphenol AF-based polybenzoxazines displayed higher thermal properties than bisphenol A-based polybenzoxazines.