Manganese (HI) acetate can be used as an initiator for vinyl radical polymerization. The presence of carboxylic acid will promote the polymerization of acrylamide and enhance the rate of polymerization. The order of promoting reactivity of acid is a-hydroxy polycarboxylic acid (citric acid) >a-hyroxy carboxylic acis (lactic acid) >a-amino acid (glycine) > carboxylic'acid (n-butyric acid). The effect of concentration of sulfuric acid on the rate of acrylamide polymerization in the aqueous solution has been studied. The overall activation energy of polymerization and the kinetics of polymerization of acrylamide initiated with Mn3+

Mn3+-glycolic acid

Mn3+-lactic acid systems were determined respectively.