响应性支化聚合物的合成、组装及其生物医药应用

王龙海; 洪春雁

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.16305

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响应性支化聚合物的合成、组装及其生物医药应用

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- 响应性支化聚合物的合成、组装及其生物医药应用
- Synthesis and Self-assembly of Responsive Branched Polymers and Their Biomedical Applications
- 高分子学报 2017年第2期页码：200-213
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学院软物质化学重点实验室中国科学技术大学高分子科学与工程系合肥 230026
- 作者简介：
  
  洪春雁, 女, 1974年2月生.中国科学技术大学高分子科学与工程系教授.1997年于中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程系获理学学士学位, 2002年7月于中国科学技术大学高分子科学与工程系获理学博士学位(导师:潘才元教授).2002年起在中国科学技术大学高分子科学与工程系工作, 2015年获得国家杰出青年科学基金资助, 2008年度教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"入选者.主要研究方向为不同拓扑结构聚合物的可控合成, 环境响应性聚合物的合成及应用.E-mail: hongcy@ustc.edu.cn Chun-yan Hong, E-mail:hongcy@ustc.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(21525420);国家自然科学基金(21374107)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.16305
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2017-2-20，
  
  收稿日期：2016-10-3，
  
  修回日期：2016-11-10，
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王龙海, 洪春雁. 响应性支化聚合物的合成、组装及其生物医药应用[J]. 高分子学报, 2017,(2):200-213.

Wang Long-hai, Hong Chun-yan. Synthesis and Self-assembly of Responsive Branched Polymers and Their Biomedical Applications[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2017,(2):200-213.
王龙海, 洪春雁. 响应性支化聚合物的合成、组装及其生物医药应用[J]. 高分子学报, 2017,(2):200-213. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.16305.

Wang Long-hai, Hong Chun-yan. Synthesis and Self-assembly of Responsive Branched Polymers and Their Biomedical Applications[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2017,(2):200-213. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.16305.

摘要

环境响应性超支化聚合物作为超支化聚合物中一类智能聚合物，备受研究者关注，已被广泛用于生物医药领域.本文主要介绍了本课题组在响应性支化聚合物的合成、组装及其生物医药应用方面的部分研究工作.主要包括以下三方面的内容：第一部分介绍了酸响应性支化聚合物、温敏性支化聚合物、还原响应性支化聚合物和光响应性支化聚合物的合成；第二部分介绍了含有二硫键的温敏性超支化聚合物在温度诱导下的自组装及自交联反应制备纳米凝胶、纳米胶囊和交联复合囊泡；第三部分介绍了响应性支化聚合物在药物传递和基因传递方面的应用.

Abstract

Stimuli-responsive hyperbranched polymers have attracted increasing attention due to their great advantages in biomedical applications. This review highlights their synthesis and self-assembly as well as their biomedical applications. The first part of this review focuses on the synthesis of acid-responsive

temperature-responsive

redox-responsive and photo-responsive branched polymers. These responsive branched polymers are synthesized

via

reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization or Michael addition polymerization. The second part of this review focuses on the preparation of nanogels/microgels

nanocapsules and cross-linked large compound vesicles (LCVs)

via

temperature-induced self-assembly and self-crosslinking of temperature-responsive branched polymers. These polymers aggregate and self-assemble into nanoparticles or vesicles above their lower critical solution temperature (LCST)

the formed nanoparticles or vesicles self-crosslink into nanogels/microgels

nanocapsules or cross-linked LCVs

via

intermolecular disulfide exchange reaction. The nanogels/microgels are prepared in aqueous solution

and their sizes can be tuned by adjusting the polymer concentration. The nanocapsules and cross-linked LCVs are prepared in emulsion droplets

and their sizes can be tuned by changing the amount of emulsifier. These biocompatible and bioreducible assembled nanostructures have demonstrated great potential to be used as proteins and DNA delivery vectors. The third part of this paper focuses on the applications of the responsive branched polymers in drug and gene delivery. In drug delivery

the hollow voids in the branched polymers architecture can be used to load drugs. However

this loading strategy easily results in leakage of drugs. Based on the abundant functional groups on the branched polymers

drugs can be linked onto the polymers

via

a labile linkage which can be cleaved under environmental stimuli. In gene delivery

positively charged branched polymer can condense DNA better than their linear counterparts

forming more stable polyplex

and the stimuli-responsiveness of the branched polymers can facilitate the release of loaded DNA.

关键词

响应性支化聚合物自组装药物传递基因传递

Keywords

ResponsiveBranched polymersSelf-assemblyDrug deliveryGene delivery

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