聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的高效制备及结晶取向性能

王振安; 李楠; 吕汪洋; 陈文兴

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.17226

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聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的高效制备及结晶取向性能

研究论文 | 更新时间：2021-01-26

- 聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的高效制备及结晶取向性能
- Highly-efficient Fabrication and Crystallinity and Orientation of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers
- 高分子学报 2018年0卷第6期页码：755-764
- 作者机构：
  
  浙江理工大学纺织纤维材料与加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室　杭州 310018
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: linan@zstu.edu.cn
  E-mail: wxchen@zstu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(基金号 51133006)资助项目()
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.17226
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2018-6，
  
  收稿日期：2017-8-14，
  
  修回日期：2017-9-21，
扫描看全文
王振安, 李楠, 吕汪洋, 陈文兴. 聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的高效制备及结晶取向性能[J]. 高分子学报, 2018,0(6):755-764.

Zhen-an Wang, Nan Li, Wang-yang Lu, Wen-xing Chen. Highly-efficient Fabrication and Crystallinity and Orientation of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2018,0(6):755-764.
王振安, 李楠, 吕汪洋, 陈文兴. 聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的高效制备及结晶取向性能[J]. 高分子学报, 2018,0(6):755-764. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.17226.

Zhen-an Wang, Nan Li, Wang-yang Lu, Wen-xing Chen. Highly-efficient Fabrication and Crystallinity and Orientation of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2018,0(6):755-764. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2017.17226.

摘要

分别采用传统静电纺丝装置和自行搭建的离心-静电纺丝装置制备出聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米初生纤维，并在热空气浴中和一定外力作用下进行牵伸，牵伸后使其伸长至原长的1倍到3倍. 通过广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法对2种纺丝方法制备的PAN纳米初生纤维及经过热空气浴牵伸后的PAN纳米纤维的晶态结构、取向及形貌等进行了表征. 研究表明：(1)离心-静电纺丝效率远高于静电纺丝，可达静电纺丝的120倍(离心-静电纺丝纺丝液流速为2 mL/min，静电纺丝纺丝液流速1 mL/h)；(2)无论是离心纺丝还是静电纺丝制得的纳米初生纤维结晶度均很低(离心纺丝为25%，静电纺丝为10.1%)，但离心纺丝制得的纳米初生纤维有一定的取向(60.5%)，而静电纺丝基本没有；(3)经过热空气浴牵伸后，2种纺丝方式制得的纳米纤维结晶度均有所提高(分别为45.8%和36.2%)，取向度也有所提高(分别为72.5%和59.8%)，随着牵伸温度的提高和牵伸应力的增大，纤维的平均直径不断减小(离心纺丝由675 nm降至510 nm，静电纺丝由460 nm降至355 nm). 纳米纤维在制备过程晶态结构及取向的效果有限，但通过热空气浴牵伸可以使晶态结构及取向得到进一步完善.

Abstract

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor nanofibers are prepared by traditional electrospinning and the centrifugal spinning

respectively. The nanofiber bundles are drawn in hot air with a constant force into 1 and 3 times of the original length. Subsequently

the crystalline structure

orientation

morphology

diameter of PAN nanofibers before and after drawing treatment were characterized by WAXD and SEM. The results show that: (1) the efficiency of centrifugal-electrospinning is far higher (120 times) than that of electrospinning (fluid flow rate of centrifugal-electrospinning: 2 mL/min

fluid flow rate of electrospinning: 1 mL/h). (2) Despite a low crystallinity from centrifugal spinning or electrospinning (the crystallinity of the PAN nanofiber precursor by centrifugal spinning is 25%

while that by electrospinning is 10.6%). PAN precursor nanofibers prepared by centrifugal spinning have certain orientation (60.5%); while those prepared by electrospinning have almost no orientation; (3) Hot-air-drawing with a constant force (1.00 N) contributes to a higher crystallinity (centrifugal spinning: 45.8%

electrospinning: 36.2%) and orientation (centrifugal spinning: 72.5%

electrospinning: 59.8%) for the PAN nanofibers. Moreover

increased drawing temperature and force results in a decrease in the diameter of the PAN nanofiber bundles (the diameter of PAN nanofibers prepared by centrifugal spinning decreases from 675 nm to 510 nm; while that by electrospinning decreases from 460 nm to 355 nm). Compared with the slight effect of the spinning process on crystalline structure and orientation

the hot-air drawing treatment significantly promotes the crystalline and orientation. The centrifugal force is helpful to eliminate the whip phenomenon and to make a full drawing of jet flow

finally leading to a higher certain orientation for the polymer chains of PAN nanofibers.

关键词

离心纺丝静电纺丝聚丙烯腈晶态结构和取向

Keywords

Centrifugal spinningElectrospinningPolyacrylonitrileCrystallinity and orientation

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