全高分子太阳能电池活性层相分离结构调控

宋春鹏; 曲轶; 刘剑刚; 韩艳春

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.17236

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全高分子太阳能电池活性层相分离结构调控

专论 | 更新时间：2021-01-26

- 全高分子太阳能电池活性层相分离结构调控
- Phase-separation Mechanism and Morphological Control in All-polymer Solar Cells
- 高分子学报 2018年第2期页码：145-163
- 作者机构：
  
  1.高功率半导体激光国家重点实验室长春理工大学理学院长春 130022
  2.高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春 130022
  3.海南师范大学物理与电子工程学院海口 571158
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "曲轶, 男, 1969年出生.1991年本科毕业于长春光学精密机械学院应用光学专业, 1999年硕士毕业于长春光学精密机械学院光学工程专业, 2002年在吉林大学获微电子学与固体电子学专业博士学位.2003~2005年在新加坡南洋理工大学做博士后工作, 2006年任Singapore Millennium Foundation Scholarship研究员.2012年在美国耶鲁大学做高级研究学者.2003年破格晋升研究员.2006年被聘为博士生导师, 2008年入选吉林省有突出贡献的中青年专业技术人才, 同年入选\"教育部新世纪优秀人才\"计划, 2009年入选\"新世纪百千万人才工程国家级人选\", 2012年获国务院政府特殊津贴.现任长春理工大学高功率半导体激光国家重点实验室副主任.主要开展半导体光电子学方面的教学和研究工作" ]
  [ "刘剑刚, 男, 1982年出生.2002~2006年, 吉林大学化学学院, 学士学位; 2006~2011年, 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所, 理学博士学位.现任中国科学院长春应用化学研究所, 副研究员.作为项目负责人承担国家自然科学基金委项目2项, 国家重点研发计划1项.主要从事共轭聚合物凝聚态结构调控及有机光伏电池有源层形貌调控方面的研究" ]
  [ "韩艳春, 女, 1966年出生.中国科学技术大学, 高分子化学学士学位(1990年); 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所, 高分子化学与物理博士学位(1995年); 高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室(长春), 研究员, 博士生导师(2000年至今).2000年入选\"中科院百人计划\", 结题优秀; 2001年获得\"国家杰出青年科学基金\"; 2006年入选\"新世纪百千万人才工程国家级人选\"; 2016年入选科技部重点领域创新团队负责人.曾任Langmuir杂志顾问编委; 现任、《科学通报》、《化学学报》和《中国化学快报》杂志编委.主要从事功能高分子薄膜多层次有序结构的构筑、调控与应用, 有机光电功能器件的微加工方面的研究" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(51573185);国家自然科学基金(21334006);国家自然科学基金(21474113);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB12020300)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.17236
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2018-2-20，
  
  收稿日期：2017-8-24，
  
  修回日期：2017-9-22，
扫描看全文
宋春鹏, 曲轶, 刘剑刚, 韩艳春. 全高分子太阳能电池活性层相分离结构调控[J]. 高分子学报, 2018,(2):145-163.

Chun-peng Song, Yi Qu, Jian-gang Liu, Yan-chun Han. Phase-separation Mechanism and Morphological Control in All-polymer Solar Cells[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2018,(2):145-163.
宋春鹏, 曲轶, 刘剑刚, 韩艳春. 全高分子太阳能电池活性层相分离结构调控[J]. 高分子学报, 2018,(2):145-163. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.17236.

Chun-peng Song, Yi Qu, Jian-gang Liu, Yan-chun Han. Phase-separation Mechanism and Morphological Control in All-polymer Solar Cells[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2018,(2):145-163. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2018.17236.

摘要

全共轭聚合物太阳能电池具有给受体能级可调、吸收范围宽及可溶液加工等优势，已经成为太阳能电池领域发展趋势.在开发高性能材料及器件结构优化的推动下，能量转换效率已经突破9%.然而，共轭聚合物分子刚性及分子结构各向异性等特点，导致全共轭聚合物共混体系相分离及结晶行为复杂，相区尺寸及界面处分子取向可控性差，难于深入理解并认识活性层结构对器件光物理过程的影响.本文从热力学及动力学角度入手，详述了全共轭聚合物共混体系相分离结构、相区尺寸及界面分子取向的可控调节.共混体系中分子迁移能力及溶液相分离类型是影响相分离结构的本质因素，并通过改变给受体比例及分子规整度等实现了孤岛、双连续及互穿网络结构的构筑.同时，通过添加第3组分调节溶剂-溶质分子间相互作用或聚合物分子间相互作用，在不降低活性层结晶性的基础上实现了相区尺寸的调控.最后，利用附生受限结晶原理及溶液状态，通过改变分子运动能力及在溶液中聚集程度，实现了由edge-on到face-on取向的转变.

Abstract

Compared to the polymer/fullerene system

all-polymer solar cells

based on conjugated polymers as both donor and acceptor

have many potential advantages such as achieving more efficient light absorption and high open-circuit voltage

as well as easily solution processing and large-area fabrication. Strongly promoted by developments of materials and device structure

the power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been reached 9%. However

conjugated polymers have more rigid molecules compared to the flexible polymers and thus will form chain entanglement and

interaction with each other

leading to a more complex phase separation process in the conjugated polymer system. Besides

the strong molecular interaction between donor and acceptor polymers may generate a long-range phase domain in the blend films

which will inhibit the excitons to diffuse to the donor/acceptor (D/A) phase interface. In addition

the difference of thermodynamics steady state between the donor and the acceptor polymers may lead to the formation of different molecular orientation

which will impede the exciton dissociation. To solve these problems

by tuning the thermodynamic and dynamics factors

including molecular rigidity and blend ratio

the phase-separated structure of the conjugated polymer blend system was adjusted and the phase separation mechanism was identified

based on which the phase diagram of the conjugated polymer blend was depicted. By controlling phase separation structure

the interpenetrating networks were obtained

facilitating the charge transfer and collection. Besides

the domain size and film crystallinity were adjusted by reducing the solvent-polymer interaction parameter and polymer-polymer interaction parameters. Due to the decreased domain size

the efficiency of the exciton diffusion was enhanced. In addition

the solution state or molecular diffusion rate was adjusted to adjust the molecular orientation. By increasing the aggregation of the polymers in solution and introducing the epitaxial crystallization

the molecular orientation could change from edge-on to face-on. The identical molecular orientation for the donor and the acceptor improved the exciton dissociation efficiency and the device performance.

关键词

全共轭聚合物太阳能电池形貌调控相分离结构相区尺寸分子取向

Keywords

All-polymer solar cellsMorphology controlPhase separationDomain sizeOrientation

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