二次电池用原位生成聚合物电解质的研究进展

张建军; 杨金凤; 吴瀚; 张敏; 刘亭亭; 张津宁; 董杉木; 崔光磊

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2019.19097

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二次电池用原位生成聚合物电解质的研究进展

综述 | 更新时间：2021-01-26

- 二次电池用原位生成聚合物电解质的研究进展
- Research Progress of in situ Generated Polymer Electrolyte for Rechargeable Batteries
- 高分子学报 2019年50卷第9期页码：890-914
- 作者机构：
  
  1.青岛储能产业技术研究院中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所　青岛 266101
  2.中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心　北京 100049
  3.中南大学化学化工学院　长沙 410083
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: cuigl@qibebt.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 51625204，51703236)资助项目()
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2019.19097
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2019-9，
  
  网络出版日期：2019-8-21，
  
  收稿日期：2019-5-9，
  
  修回日期：2019-6-8，
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张建军, 杨金凤, 吴瀚, 张敏, 刘亭亭, 张津宁, 董杉木, 崔光磊. 二次电池用原位生成聚合物电解质的研究进展[J]. 高分子学报, 2019,50(9):890-914.

Jian-jun Zhang, Jin-feng Yang, Han Wu, Min Zhang, Ting-ting Liu, Jin-ning Zhang, Shan-mu Dong, Guang-lei Cui. Research Progress of in situ Generated Polymer Electrolyte for Rechargeable Batteries[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2019,50(9):890-914.
张建军, 杨金凤, 吴瀚, 张敏, 刘亭亭, 张津宁, 董杉木, 崔光磊. 二次电池用原位生成聚合物电解质的研究进展[J]. 高分子学报, 2019,50(9):890-914. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2019.19097.

Jian-jun Zhang, Jin-feng Yang, Han Wu, Min Zhang, Ting-ting Liu, Jin-ning Zhang, Shan-mu Dong, Guang-lei Cui. Research Progress of in situ Generated Polymer Electrolyte for Rechargeable Batteries[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2019,50(9):890-914. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2019.19097.

摘要

聚合物电解质可以在很大程度上缓解甚至解决二次电池所面临的电解液泄漏、挥发、燃烧和爆炸等潜在安全问题. 但传统聚合物电解质成型工艺繁琐冗赘，且制备过程中存在溶剂挥发污染环境等缺点，原位生成聚合物电解质除可以有效解决上述安全问题外，还可以在二次电池内部形成稳定的固体电解质界面，实现界面融合，减少固/固界面阻抗，有利于提高二次电池循环寿命，具有很好的应用前景. 基于此，本综述从有无引发剂添加、引发剂种类等多角度重点阐述了原位生成聚合物电解质的制备工艺、形成机理、聚合物电解质类型及其在锂(钠、镁)等二次电池中应用的主要研究进展和现状. 最后对二次电池用原位生成聚合物电解质存在的挑战和未来可能发展趋势进行了展望.

Abstract

Rechargeable batteries

which are among the most promising energy storage devices

have become a research hotspot related to energy-storage and energy-convert systems. While the rechargeable batteries based on liquid electrolytes commonly possess serious safety risks such as electrolyte leakage

volatilization

combustion

and explosion

polymer electrolytes display great potentials in ameliorating and addressing these problems. Conventional polymer electrolytes are generally prepared by the solution casting method

which is difficult to implement in actual production owing to its complicated operation and harsh conditions. In addition

the poor electrolyte/electrode interfacial contact in solid-state lithium batteries is also a common issue

mainly originating from the

ex situ

assembly technique of solid-state electrolyte. These drawbacks hinder their large-scale promotion and application. In this context have emerged the

in situ

generated polymer electrolytes

which aim at solving the above mentioned problems effectively. The general process of

in situ

preparation of the polymer electrolytes is as follows: a precursor solution consisting of monomers

lithium salts

and initiators is injected into the battery to fully wet the electrode channels and gaps

and the monomers are then polymerized

in situ

under certain external conditions to afford a gel/solid polymer rechargeable battery in one step. Compared to the traditional routes to polymer electrolytes

such

in situ

polymerization simplifies the preparation process

facilitates favorable solid electrolyte interface

and enables the electrode and electrolyte to form an integrated structure for better interfacial contact. These advantages are beneficial to an improved performance of rechargeable batteries and endow the technique with a promising application prospect. For more efficient development

it is an urgent task to review the existing process routes

reaction principles

types of polymer electrolytes

and the practical applications of

in situ

generated polymer electrolytes in rechargeable batteries (such as lithium

sodium

magnesium

etc

.). Herein

we summarize the research progress of

in situ

polymerization in significantly stabilizing the electrode/electrolyte interface and inhibiting the diffusion of intermediates. Further

we discuss the challenges and development treads of

in situ

generated polymer electrolytes

including the prospects of quasi-solid polymer electrolytes. We believe this review paper will serve as a valuable reference and theoretical guidance for researchers engaged in polymer electrolytes.

关键词

原位固化聚合物电解质二次电池界面相容性循环稳定性

Keywords

In situ solidPolymer electrolytesRechargeable batteriesInterfacial compatibilityCycling stability

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