响应性交联液晶高分子仿生致动器的研究进展

王格格; 张居中; 刘水任; 王向红; 刘旭影; 陈金周

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20179

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响应性交联液晶高分子仿生致动器的研究进展

综述 | 更新时间：2021-01-26

- 响应性交联液晶高分子仿生致动器的研究进展
- Research Progress in Biomimetic Actuators of Responsive Cross-linked Liquid Crystal Polymer
- 高分子学报 2021年52卷第2期页码：124-145
- 作者机构：
  
  郑州大学材料科学与工程学院　郑州 450001
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王向红，女，1992年生. 2019年7月毕业于中国科学院长春应用化学研究所，高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室，获博士学位；2012年7月毕业于郑州大学材料科学与工程学院，高分子材料专业，获学士学位. 2019年8月至今在郑州大学材料科学与工程学院工作. 主要研究方向：智能响应型抗菌材料、医用材料表界面、信息功能材料. 对包装材料或医疗器械表面进行改性，通过响应特定的刺激，如电、磁、光、温度、酶、酸等，及时检测细菌的入侵，实现材料抗菌的按需启动和优良的生物相容性. 在相关研究领域以第一作者发表代表性论文5篇，其中包括《ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces》和《Journal of Materials Chemistry B》等" ]
  [ "刘旭影，男，1985年生. 郑州大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博导. 2014年在东京工业大学综合理工研究科获得博士学位，同年进入日本国家物质材料科学研究所(NIMS)，历任博后研究员、ICYS研究员(Tenure Track职位)等职. 2019年4月为郑州大学校特聘教授. 主要研究方向：液晶半导体、液晶弹性体、印刷柔性电子. 近年来，在液晶半导体和印刷电子等方面取得了一系列研究成果，其中所开发的超高分辨印刷电子技术和超高载流子迁移率器件制备技术获得了国际信息显示技术协会两项金奖和国际微纳加工会议“优秀青年研究者奖”. 在国际学术期刊上，如《Advanced Materials》《NPG Asia Materials》和《Chemistry of Materials》共发表研究论文40篇，申请发明专利5项. 另外，作为项目负责人或主要参与人员获得国家重点研发计划，NEDO，CREST，日本文部科学省GCOE(全球精英计划，能源类)和学术振兴会HAKENHI (Young Scientist B)等多项自然科学基金资助" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(项目号 2018YFd0400702)资助
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20179
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2021-2-3，
  
  网络出版日期：2020-9-30，
  
  收稿日期：2020-7-30，
  
  修回日期：2020-8-24，
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王格格, 张居中, 刘水任, 王向红, 刘旭影, 陈金周. 响应性交联液晶高分子仿生致动器的研究进展[J]. 高分子学报, 2021,52(2):124-145.

Ge-ge Wang, Ju-zhong Zhang, Shui-ren Liu, Xiang-hong Wang, Xu-ying Liu, Jin-zhou Chen. Research Progress in Biomimetic Actuators of Responsive Cross-linked Liquid Crystal Polymer[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2021,52(2):124-145.
王格格, 张居中, 刘水任, 王向红, 刘旭影, 陈金周. 响应性交联液晶高分子仿生致动器的研究进展[J]. 高分子学报, 2021,52(2):124-145. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20179.

Ge-ge Wang, Ju-zhong Zhang, Shui-ren Liu, Xiang-hong Wang, Xu-ying Liu, Jin-zhou Chen. Research Progress in Biomimetic Actuators of Responsive Cross-linked Liquid Crystal Polymer[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2021,52(2):124-145. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2020.20179.

摘要

交联液晶高分子兼具液晶取向有序性和交联聚合物熵弹性等特点，能够以动态可调节和可逆的方式来模仿生物体的行为，在仿生器件、柔性机器人、智能表面、生物医药等领域具有良好的应用前景. 本综述总结了近几年智能响应性交联液晶高分子在仿生致动器方面的研究进展，从响应性交联液晶高分子的结构和驱动机理出发，讨论了响应性交联液晶高分子的合成工艺、制备技术和成型方法，以及响应性交联液晶高分子对光、热、磁、湿度的响应. 此外，介绍了响应性交联液晶高分子致动器在柔性机器人、人工肌肉、微流体运输等领域的应用. 最后，对响应性交联液晶高分子的发展前景进行了展望. 这项工作主要讨论了响应性交联液晶高分子，旨在为具有新颖功能和更有挑战性的智能微型致动器提供新的设计思路.

Abstract

Cross-linked liquid crystal polymer (CLCP)

as a combination of the order of liquid crystal orientation and the entropy elasticity of the polymer network

has exhibited unique properties such as actuation

soft elasticity

and birefringence. CLCP can mimic the behavior of organisms in a dynamically adjustable and reversible way to achieve actuation. When subjected to a specific external stimulus (such as light

heat

magnetism

or humidity)

CLCP responds to the stimuli by presenting changes in LC arrangement at the micro level and reversible shape or size changes at the macro level. Because of the initial arrangement of the mesogen memorized through the network

the macroscopic deformation of CLCP is reversible. Materials with photothermal conversion effect

such as graphene

carbon nanotubes

and gold nanorods

can be combined with polymers to convert the absorbed light energy into heat energy so as to realize photothermal actuation. In addition

when photo-response moieties like azobenzene are appropriately added to CLCP

the reversible

trans-cis

isomerization of azobenzene under specific wavelengths of light will cause the change of LC director

thus bringing out its photodeformation performance. Moreover

there is also magnetic stimulation driven by magnetic fields and humidity stimulation based on CLCP reversible anisotropic contraction or expansion. In this review

the synthesis methods of CLCP (one-step cross-linking

two-step cross-linking

post-crosslinking

and dynamic covalent bond cross-linking) and molding technology (inkjet printing

microfluidic transportation

soft lithography

direct laser writing

and 4D printing) are described. Through reasonable structure and material design

CLCP can be fabricated into a variety of flexible actuators. Herein

this review mainly summarizes the recent research progress in the applications of intelligently responsive cross-linked liquid crystal polymer in the field of the biomimetic actuators

such as artificial muscles

and microfluidic transportation. The future development and challenges of intelligently responsive cross-linked liquid crystal polymer in actuator field are also discussed.

关键词

液晶高分子合成方法成型技术刺激响应仿生致动器

Keywords

Liquid crystal polymerSynthesis methodMolding technologyStimulus responseBionic actuator

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