硬段含量对聚氨酯弹性体的吸水动力学及力学性能的影响

王义霞; 梁书恩; 宋宁宁; 田春蓉; 林晓艳; 陈可平

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22234

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硬段含量对聚氨酯弹性体的吸水动力学及力学性能的影响

研究论文 | 更新时间：2023-05-22

- 硬段含量对聚氨酯弹性体的吸水动力学及力学性能的影响
- Effect of Hard Segment Content on the Water Absorption Dynamic and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Elastomer
- 高分子学报 2023年54卷第2期页码：277-285
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西南科技大学材料与化学学院绵阳 621010
  2.中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所绵阳 621900
  3.西南科技大学生物质材料教育部工程研究中心绵阳 621010
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: linxiaoyan@swust.edu.cn;
  E-mail: kepingchen@caep.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 51903228)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22234
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2023-02-20，
  
  网络出版日期：2022-09-21，
  
  收稿日期：2022-06-21，
  
  录用日期：2022-08-25
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王义霞,梁书恩,宋宁宁等.硬段含量对聚氨酯弹性体的吸水动力学及力学性能的影响[J].高分子学报,2023,54(02):277-285.

Wang Yi-xia,Liang Shu-en,Song Ning-ning,et al.Effect of Hard Segment Content on the Water Absorption Dynamic and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Elastomer[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2023,54(02):277-285.
王义霞,梁书恩,宋宁宁等.硬段含量对聚氨酯弹性体的吸水动力学及力学性能的影响[J].高分子学报,2023,54(02):277-285. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22234.

Wang Yi-xia,Liang Shu-en,Song Ning-ning,et al.Effect of Hard Segment Content on the Water Absorption Dynamic and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Elastomer[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2023,54(02):277-285. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22234.

摘要

合成了硬段含量分别为30 wt%、37 wt%和45 wt%的聚醚型聚氨酯弹性体(PTMG-PU). 研究了硬段含量、水浸温度和试样厚度对PTMG-PU吸水动力学的影响. 研究结果表明：PTMG-PU在25 ℃~60 ℃之间的吸水动力学过程可以用Fick模型进行拟合；扩散系数和平衡吸水率随着硬段含量的增加均呈逐渐降低的趋势，水分子扩散活化能和指前因子均随着硬段含量的增加而增加，说明硬段含量越高，水分子需要克服的传输能垒越高. 进一步，吸水导致聚氨酯弹性体的拉伸断裂强度、100%定伸强度和拉伸模量等力学性能出现明显的下降，这不仅是由于水分子与聚氨酯弹性体的软段相发生了增塑作用，而且水分子也与部分硬段相微区发生了作用，导致部分硬段相微区瓦解.

Abstract

Polyether polyurethane elastomers (PTMG-PU) with hard segment contents of 30 wt%

37 wt% and 45 wt% were synthesized. The effects of hard segment content

immersion temperature and sample thickness on the water absorption dynamics of PTMG-PU were studied. The microphase separation structure evolution of PTMG-PU during water absorption was characterized by small Angle X-ray scattering technique. The results show that the dynamic process of water absorption of PTMG-PU between 25 and 60 ℃ can be fitted by Fick's model. The diffusion coefficient and equilibrium water absorption rate decrease gradually with the increase of hard segment content

but the time required to reach the equilibrium water absorption rate is about 22 h. In addition

the diffusion activation energy and preexponential factor of water molecules increase with the increase of hard segment content

indicating that more energy is needed to overcome the energy barrier transmitted by water molecules in PTMG-PU. Furthermore

the mechanical properties of PTMG-PU

such as tensile strength and tensile modulus

decreased significantly during the process of water absorption

which was not only due to the plasticization of water molecules with the soft phase of polyurethane elastomer

but also due to the interaction of water molecules with some hard microdomains

leading to the disintegration of some hard microdomains. This provides theoretical guidance for the design and development of high-performance PTMG-PU in high humidity environment and theoretical support for the application of PTMG-PU in practical engineering.

关键词

聚氨酯弹性体吸水动力学力学性能微相分离结构

Keywords

Polyurethane elastomerWater absorption dynamicMechanical propertyMicrophase separation structure

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