高分子微量基团的反熵聚集

李超; 高龙成

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22410

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高分子微量基团的反熵聚集

专论 | 更新时间：2023-06-21

- 高分子微量基团的反熵聚集
- Anti-entropy Aggregation of Minority Groups in Polymers
- 高分子学报 2023年54卷第7期页码：995-1011
- 作者机构：
  
  北京航空航天大学化学学院仿生智能界面科学与技术教育部重点实验室北京 100191
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "高龙成，男，1981年生，副教授，博士生导师. 2003年本科毕业于青岛科技大学，2008年博士毕业于北京大学化学学院，师从范星河、周其凤教授，主要研究方向是功能甲壳型液晶高分子的设计与合成. 2008~2009年在法国斯特拉斯堡大学从事博士后研究，研究方向是生物医用高分子材料. 2009年加入北京航空航天大学化学学院，2016年在香港科技大学做访问学者. 参加工作以来，主要从事仿生高分子薄膜的结构设计、物质传递和能量转换的研究，发现了微量基团的反熵聚集现象，实现了高密度仿生纳孔阵列膜的大面积制备，以通讯作者在Nat. Nanotechnol.、Sci. Adv.、J. Am. Chem. Soc.、Angew. Chem.、CCS Chem.等期刊发表论文50余篇." ]
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22410
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2023-07-20，
  
  网络出版日期：2023-02-16，
  
  收稿日期：2022-11-29，
  
  录用日期：2023-01-13
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李超,高龙成.高分子微量基团的反熵聚集[J].高分子学报,2023,54(07):995-1011.

Li Chao,Gao Long-cheng.Anti-entropy Aggregation of Minority Groups in Polymers[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2023,54(07):995-1011.
李超,高龙成.高分子微量基团的反熵聚集[J].高分子学报,2023,54(07):995-1011. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22410.

Li Chao,Gao Long-cheng.Anti-entropy Aggregation of Minority Groups in Polymers[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2023,54(07):995-1011. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22410.

摘要

高分子微量基团是指高分子链上普遍存在而又含量微少的非重复单元基团. 因其含量低，微量基团易被高分子主体所包埋，在聚集态中倾向于采取随机均匀分散的熵最大化状态. 在本文中，我们提出了反熵聚集的概念，即微量基团在聚集态中发生熵减地局域聚集；重点介绍了通过调控高分子中超分子作用实现微量基团反熵聚集的策略，包括：结晶高分子的结晶驱动，非晶高分子中微量基团的超分子诱导，嵌段共聚物中微相分离的限域作用，微量基团超分子诱导与微相分离限域作用的跨级协同；归纳了X-射线技术、荧光光谱、红外光谱、固体表面Zeta电位、流变学等研究反熵聚集的技术手段；进一步地，总结了微量基团反熵聚集在荧光探针、材料自修复、离子传输调控和能量转换等方面的应用. 最后，对复杂微量基团反熵聚集体系的仿生构建前景进行了展望.

Abstract

Minority groups are non-repeat units with low-volume fractions that inevitably exist in polymers. Generally

these minority groups are easily surrounded by the repeating units and randomly dispersed in the condensed state

accompanied by an increment in entropy. In this feature article

we focus on strategies to regulate the geometric distribution of supramolecular forces in polymers to achieve anti-entropy aggregation (AEA) of minority groups. It mainly includes the driving force of polymer crystallization

the supramolecular interaction of minority groups in amorphous polymers

the nanoconfined effect of microphase separation in block copolymers

and the synergetic effect between supramolecular interaction and nanoconfined interaction. We further present several analytic techniques to characterize the anti-entropy aggregation of minority groups

such as X-ray techniques

fluorescence spectroscopy

infrared spectroscopy

zeta potential

and rheology. Further

the applications of AEA materials in the fields of fluorescence probes

self-healing

ion transporting regulation

and osmotic energy conversion are comprehensively discussed. Finally

we summarize the advantages of AEA materials toward traditional functional polymers and prospect the fabrication of the complex inspired systems with the AEA strategy.

关键词

反熵聚集微量基团功能高分子

Keywords

Anti-entropy aggregationMinority groupsFunctional polymers

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