隔膜对锂-铜电池短路时间的影响

向甜琦; 鲍晋珍; 闫晓清; 庄志; 董畅; 谢鹏程; 刘凤泉; 周建军; 李林

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22418

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隔膜对锂-铜电池短路时间的影响

研究论文 | 更新时间：2024-01-18

- 隔膜对锂-铜电池短路时间的影响
- Effect of Separator on Short-circuit Time of Lithium-Copper Batteries
- 高分子学报 2023年54卷第5期页码：655-664
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京师范大学化学学院能量转换与存储北京市重点实验室北京 100875
  2.上海恩捷新材料科技有限公司上海 201399
  3.青岛大学纺织服装学院青岛 266071
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: pla_zjj@bnu.edu.cn
  lilinll@bnu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 ┣21973008;22179010);22109079┫
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22418
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2023-05-20，
  
  网络出版日期：2023-02-17，
  
  收稿日期：2022-12-03，
  
  录用日期：2023-01-16
扫描看全文
向甜琦,鲍晋珍,闫晓清等.隔膜对锂-铜电池短路时间的影响[J].高分子学报,2023,54(05):655-664.

Xiang Tian-qi,Bao Jin-zhen,Yan Xiao-qing,et al.Effect of Separator on Short-circuit Time of Lithium-Copper Batteries[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2023,54(05):655-664.
向甜琦,鲍晋珍,闫晓清等.隔膜对锂-铜电池短路时间的影响[J].高分子学报,2023,54(05):655-664. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22418.

Xiang Tian-qi,Bao Jin-zhen,Yan Xiao-qing,et al.Effect of Separator on Short-circuit Time of Lithium-Copper Batteries[J].ACTA POLYMERICA SINICA,2023,54(05):655-664. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2022.22418.

摘要

隔膜在锂离子电池中起着防止正负极直接短路和提供离子传输通道的作用，决定着电池的安全性能. 在本文中，我们利用锂-铜电池的短路时间建立了一种评价隔膜安全性能的方法. 通过对电池短路时间的研究发现，对于同一种类型的隔膜，短路时间与隔膜厚度和内阻的线性相关度较高，隔膜厚度和内阻的增加均能延长电池的短路时间. 同一厚度不同类型的隔膜，其电池的短路时间与隔膜自身的微孔结构相关. 电池的短路时间与隔膜的穿刺强度之间的线性相关程度较低，结合电池短路后隔膜表面枝晶形貌的观察，我们推测枝晶是沿隔膜的孔道持续生长最终穿透隔膜，而非刺穿隔膜导致的电池短路. 利用不同厚度的隔膜组装锂硫电池，发现循环寿命与隔膜厚度具有显著线性相关性，验证了测试方法在实际电池使用中的有效性. 同时，研究也证实，利用功能隔膜调控锂的沉积行为、抑制锂的枝晶沉积能极大延长电池的短路时间，提升电池的安全性能，这为新型高安全性复合隔膜及电池的研究和设计提供了新的思路和理论依据.

Abstract

In lithium ion batteries

the separator plays an important role in preventing the direct short circuit between cathode and anode

and providing channels for ion transportation at the same time

which determines the safety performance of the batteries. In this study

a method for evaluating the safety performance of the separator has been established by using the short circuit time of lithium-copper batteries. The results show that the battery short-circuit time has a high linear correlation with the thickness and internal resistance for the same type of separator. Increasing the separator thickness and internal resistance can prolong the battery’s short-circuit time. For different types of separators with the same thickness

the short circuit time is related to the microporous structure. There is a low linear correlation between the short circuit time of the battery and the puncture strength of the separator. Combined with the morphology of lithium dendrite on the separator surface after the battery short circuit

it is supposed that the battery short circuit is caused by the dendrite growing along the micropores of the separator

rather than puncturing the separator. The lithium-sulfur battery was assembled by using separator with different thicknesses. A significant linear correlation is observed between cycle life and separator thickness

which verifies the effectiveness of the method in the actual battery. At the same time

the results also confirm that the short circuit time of the battery can be greatly prolonged to improve the safety performance of the battery by regulating the lithium deposition behavior and inhibiting the lithium dendrite growth using functional separator

which provides new ideas and theoretical basis for developing and designing new types of composite separator and batteries with high safety.

关键词

锂金属电池短路时间功能复合隔膜安全性

Keywords

Lithium ion batteryShort circuit timeFunctional composite separatorBattery safety

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