脱氢聚合制备极性高分子材料研究进展

陈丽; 李琳; 饶艺伟; 杨维冉; 简忠保; 姚昌广

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24183

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脱氢聚合制备极性高分子材料研究进展

综述 | 更新时间：2025-04-01

- 脱氢聚合制备极性高分子材料研究进展
- Progress in the Preparation of Polar Polymer Materials via Dehydrogenative Polymerization
- 高分子学报 2025年56卷第4期页码：551-563
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南昌大学化学化工学院南昌 330031
  2.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室长春 130022
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "简忠保，男，1984年生. 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所研究员，博士生导师. 2007年本科毕业于四川师范大学，2013年在中国科学院长春应用化学研究所获得高分子化学与物理博士学位，2013~2017年先后在德国康斯坦茨大学与明斯特大学从事洪堡/博士后研究. 2017年7月加入中国科学院长春应用化学研究所. 获得国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目、国家海外高层次引进人才资助；中国化学会高分子青年学者奖、中国材料研究学会高分子材料与工程青年科技奖、中国科学院优秀导师. 长期致力于高性能聚烯烃的基础与应用研究，近5年以通讯作者在Natl. Sci. Rev.、Nat. Commun.、Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.、CCS Chem.、ACS Macro Lett.、Macromolecules、《高分子学报》等期刊发表论文近70篇，授权专利18件." ]
  [ "姚昌广，男，1984年生. 2009年于陕西师范大学获得学士学位；2015年于中国科学院长春应用化学研究所获得博士学位；2015~2019年在沙特阿拉伯阿卜杜拉国王科技大学(KAUST)从事博士后研究. 2020年加入南昌大学，任特聘教授. 2023年获江西省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目资助. 主要从事废旧塑料回收利用，生物基/可降解/可循环高分子制备，过渡金属催化剂设计，聚合新方法开发等方面的研究." ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 ┣22061027);22261034┫;江西省杰出青年科学基金(基金号 20232ACB213008);高分子物理与化学国家重点实验室开放课题基金(基金号 PPCL2023-21)资助
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24183
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2024.7287
- 收稿日期：2024-06-25，
  
  录用日期：2024-08-07，
  
  网络出版日期：2024-11-14，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-04-20
- 稿件说明：
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陈丽, 李琳, 饶艺伟, 杨维冉, 简忠保, 姚昌广. 脱氢聚合制备极性高分子材料研究进展. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(4), 551-563

Chen, L.; Li, L.; Rao, Y. W.; Yang, W. R.; Jian, Z. B.; Yao, C. G. Progress in the preparation of polar polymer materials via dehydrogenative polymerization. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(4), 551-563
陈丽, 李琳, 饶艺伟, 杨维冉, 简忠保, 姚昌广. 脱氢聚合制备极性高分子材料研究进展. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(4), 551-563 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24183. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2024.7287.

Chen, L.; Li, L.; Rao, Y. W.; Yang, W. R.; Jian, Z. B.; Yao, C. G. Progress in the preparation of polar polymer materials via dehydrogenative polymerization. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(4), 551-563 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24183. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2024.7287.

摘要

随着环保意识的提高，人们越来越注重材料制备过程的原子经济性和步骤经济性. 聚酰胺、聚酯和聚脲作为合成高分子材料，具有优异的力学性能、化学稳定性和热稳定性，能满足不同领域的使用需求. 脱氢偶联能将伯醇转化为醛中间体，它进一步与胺和醇反应生成酰胺、酯和脲等化合物；该反应避免了繁琐的底物合成和羧酸及其衍生物的使用，具有反应条件温和、选择性高和原子经济性等优点，在有机合成方面已经取得显著进展. 然而，将醇的脱氢偶联应用到高分子制备方面的研究还相对较少. 本文系统介绍了近年来脱氢聚合在聚酰胺、聚酯和聚脲制备方面的研究进展. 首先简述了这三类聚合物的独特性能及其在工业生产和日常生活中的广泛应用，并指出了传统制备方法的局限性；通过对比分析，突显了脱氢聚合在制备极性高分子材料方面的显著优势. 其次，详细讨论了用于脱氢聚合的各种催化剂及其反应机理. 最后，对脱氢聚合技术在极性高分子材料制备领域的发展趋势进行了展望.

Abstract

With the improvement of environmental awareness

people pay more and more attention to the atomic economy and step economy of the material preparation process. Synthetic polymeric materials such as polyamide

polyester

and polyurea with excellent mechanical properties

chemical resistance

and thermal stability

can meet the needs of materials in different fields. Dehydrogenative coupling reactions can convert primary alcohols into aldehyde intermediates

which react

in situ

with amines and alcohols to form amides

esters

and ureas. This kind of reaction avoids the cumbersome substrate synthesis and the utilization of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. It has the advantages of mild reaction conditions

high selectivity and atomic economy

and has made significant progress in organic synthesis. However

relatively few studies exist on applying this distinctive coupling reaction for polymer preparation. In this review

we focus on recent advances in using dehydrogenative polymerization to prepare polyamides

polyesters

and polyureas. Initially

we introduced the unique properties of these three types of polymers and the

ir widespread applications in industrial production and daily life

while also pointing out the limitations of traditional synthetic methods. Through comparison

we highlighted the significant advantages of dehydrogenative polymerization in the preparation of polar polymer materials. Subsequently

we summarized various transition-metal catalysts used in dehydrogenative polymerization and their catalytic mechanisms. Finally

we discussed the prospective development directions of dehydrogenative polymerization technology in the field of preparing polar polymer materials.

关键词

Keywords

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