氢键交联的耐极端低温超强韧抗冲击塑料

王玉忠

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25232

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

氢键交联的耐极端低温超强韧抗冲击塑料

亮点评述 | 更新时间：2026-01-16

- 氢键交联的耐极端低温超强韧抗冲击塑料
- Hydrogen-bond-cross-linked Ultra-strong and Tough Impact-resistant Plastics for Cryogenic Applications
- 高分子学报 2026年57卷第1期页码：1-5
- 作者机构：
  
  四川大学化学学院环保型高分子材料国家地方联合工程实验室先进高分子材料全国重点实验室成都 610064
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: yzwang@scu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25232
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7483
- 收稿：2025-09-03，
  
  录用：2025-09-29，
  
  网络出版：2025-11-12，
  
  纸质出版：2026-01-20
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王玉忠. 氢键交联的耐极端低温超强韧抗冲击塑料. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(1), 1-5.

Wang, Y. Z. Hydrogen-bond-cross-linked ultra-strong and tough impact-resistant plastics for cryogenic applications. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(1), 1-5.
王玉忠. 氢键交联的耐极端低温超强韧抗冲击塑料. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(1), 1-5. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25232. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7483.

Wang, Y. Z. Hydrogen-bond-cross-linked ultra-strong and tough impact-resistant plastics for cryogenic applications. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(1), 1-5. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25232. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7483.

摘要

能够在极端低温下同时保持高强度、高韧性和优异抗冲击性能的高分子材料，是航空航天、极地探测等领域亟需的关键材料. 然而，低温会显著抑制链段运动，导致高分子材料韧性与抗冲击性能大幅下降. 近日，孙俊奇等通过引入具有宽结合能分布的氢键及其聚集体作为吸收冲击能的牺牲键，并以柔性聚四氢呋喃(PTMEG)链段为软相，成功制备出在极端低温下依然具备卓越抗冲击能力的高强韧聚氨酯-脲(PUU)材料. 在该材料中，氢键聚集形成的硬相与PTMEG软相相互贯穿，形成了稳定的互穿网络结构. 在-50 ℃时，PUU的屈服强度、断裂强度和杨氏模量分别达到81.1 MPa、133.0 MPa和1.5 GPa，其力学性能可媲美传统高强韧塑料在室温下的水平. 厚度0.3 mm的PUU在-50 ℃下的最大冲击抵抗力和冲击能量分别高达667.8 N和3.8 J，显著优于常用商用抗冲击塑料的性能. 即使在液氮环境中，PUU仍保持良好韧性. 同时，氢键交联的PUU兼具优异的耐水性、自修复性以及可重复加工与循环利用特性.

Abstract

The development of plastics that exhibit outstanding impact resistance and toughness at cryogenic temperatures remains a long-standing challenge in materials science. Most conventional plastics become brittle at cryogenic temperatures due to restricted chain mobility and reduced energy dissipation

which severely limits their applications in extreme low-temperature environments such as aerospace

polar exploration

liquefied gas storage and transport

superconducting systems

quantum technologies

and advanced biomedical cryogenics. Recently

Jun-qi Sun and co-workers report a significant breakthrough in the design of ultra-tough poly(urea-urethane) (PUU) material with unprecedented impact resistance across a broad cryogenic temperature range. These PUU materials are fabricated by cross-linking soft poly(tetramethylene ether glycol) (PTMEG) chains with multiple types of hydrogen bonds and hydrogen-bond aggregates of varying binding energies. The resulting PUU features a bicontinuous

phase-separated nanostructure

where hydrogen-bond-cross-linked

rigid yet deformable domains are interpenetrated with soft PTMEG chains. At -50 ℃

the material exhibits mechanical properties comparable to those of ultra-tough

high-strength plastics at ambient temperature

with a yield strength of 81.1 MPa

breaking strength of 133.0 MPa

Young's modulus of 1.5 GPa

and breaking strain of 220.9%. A 0.3-mm-thick plastic sheet achieves a maximum impact force of 667.8 N and an impact energy of 3.8 J at -50 ℃

markedly surpassing those of existing impact-resistant plastics. Meanwhile

PUU materials exhibit remarkable mechanical robustness and flexibility at -196 ℃

even under high loads and repeated thermal shocks between -196 ℃ and room temperature. Moreover

the hydrogen-bond-cross-linked PUU also possesses outstanding water resistance

self-healing capability and reprocessability. The key innovation of this study lies in the strategic integration of multiple types of hydrogen bonds and hydrogen-bond aggregates with a broad spectrum of binding energies

which act as sacrificial and adaptive cross-links within the PUU materials. These dynamic interactions work cooperatively to enable bond dissociation while preserving chain mobility

thereby allowing efficient energy dissipation even at extremely low temperatures.

关键词

Keywords

references

Eswarappa Prameela S. ; Pollock T. M. ; Raabe D. ; Meyers M. A. ; Aitkaliyeva A. ; Chintersingh K. L. ; Cordero Z. C. ; Graham-Brady L. Materials for extreme environments . Nat. Rev. Mater. , 2022 , 8 ( 2 ), 81 - 88 . doi: 10.1038/s41578-022-00496-z http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41578-022-00496-z

Yang J. ; Wang C. X. ; Yu Z. S. ; Li Y. ; Yang K. K. ; Wang Y. Z. Impact behavior and fracture morphology of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins toughened by linear random styrene-isoprene-butadiene rubber . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2011 , 121 ( 4 ), 2458 - 2466 . doi: 10.1002/app.33773 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.33773

Wang N. ; Yang X. ; Zhang X. X. Ultrarobust subzero healable materials enabled by polyphenol nano-assemblies . Nat. Commun. , 2023 , 14 ( 1 ), 814 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36461-9 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36461-9

Yue X. ; Yang H. B. ; Han Z. M. ; Lu Y. X. ; Yin C. H. ; Zhao X. ; Liu Z. X. ; Guan Q. F. ; Yu S. H. Tough and moldable sus tainable cellulose-based structural materials via multiscale interface engineering . Adv. Mater. , 2024 , 36 ( 7 ), 202306451 . doi: 10.1002/adma.202306451 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202306451

Li Y. X. ; Wang X. H. ; Fang X. ; Sun J. Q. Noncovalently cross-linked polymeric materials reinforced by well-designed in situ-formed nanofillers . Langmuir , 2022 , 38 ( 30 ), 9050 - 9063 . doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01380 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01380

Wang X. H. ; Zhan S. N. ; Lu Z. Y. ; Li J. ; Yang X. ; Qiao Y. N. ; Men Y. F. ; Sun J. Q. Healable, recyclable, and mechanically tough polyurethane elastomers with exceptional damage tolerance . Adv. Mater. , 2020 , 32 ( 50 ), 2005759 . doi: 10.1002/adma.202005759 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202005759

Wang X. H. ; Sun J. Q. Engineering of reversibly cross-linked elastomers toward flexible and recyclable elastomer/carbon fiber composites with extraordinary tearing resistance . Adv. Mater. , 2024 , 36 ( 35 ), 2406252 . doi: 10.1002/adma.202406252 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202406252

An N. ; Wang X. ; Li Y. ; Zhang L. ; Lu Z. ; Sun J. Healable and mechanically super-strong polymeric composites derived from hydrogen-bonded polymeric complexes . Adv. Mater. , 2019 , 31 ( 41 ), 1904882 . doi: 10.1002/adma.201904882 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201904882

Wang W. J. ; Li Y. X. ; Ma Z. W. ; Chen Q. ; Zhang W. K. ; Yang T. T. ; Xie Y. H. ; Sun J. Q. Ultra-tough poly(urea-urethane) plastics with superior impact resistance for cryogenic applications . Adv. Mater. , 2025 , 37 ( 39 ), 2509421 . doi: 10.1002/adma.202509421 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202509421

浏览量

182

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

高性能可持续聚合物材料：从层层组装膜到可逆交联聚合物