从聚烯烃到小分子化合物的化学转化新进展

俞亦涵; 赵斌治; 焦宁

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25254

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从聚烯烃到小分子化合物的化学转化新进展

综述 | 更新时间：2026-02-09

- 从聚烯烃到小分子化合物的化学转化新进展
- Recent Advances in the Chemical Transformation of Polyolefins into Small Molecules
- 高分子学报 2026年57卷第2期页码：305-338
- 作者机构：
  
  北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物全国重点实验室新基石科学实验室北京 100191
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "焦宁，男，1976年生. 1999年本科毕业于山东大学，2004年博士毕业于中国科学院上海有机化学研究所. 北京大学博雅特聘教授，曾获教育部自然科学一等奖、北京市自然科学一等奖、科学探索奖、新基石研究员等奖项或荣誉. 长期致力于绿色化学、药物合成的绿色化研究；在碳碳键活化、氧化反应、氮化反应、卤化反应等研究中取得了一系列创新性的成果，提出氮化反应策略并实现了一系列碳碳键转化的新反应，通过氧化、氮化、卤化反应实现药物活性中间体的绿色、高效合成及修饰，并成功应用于新药发现. E-mail: jiaoning@pku.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2021YFA1501700);国家自然科学基金(基金号 ┣22293014;22131002);T2450076┫;新基石科学基金会北京市自然科学基金(基金号 QY23075)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25254
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7509
- 收稿：2025-10-06，
  
  网络首发：2026-01-16，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-20
- 稿件说明：
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俞亦涵, 赵斌治, 焦宁. 从聚烯烃到小分子化合物的化学转化新进展. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(2), 305-338.

Yu, Y. H.; Zhao, B. Z.; Jiao, N. Recent Advances in the chemical transformation of polyolefins into small molecules. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(2), 305-338.
俞亦涵, 赵斌治, 焦宁. 从聚烯烃到小分子化合物的化学转化新进展. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(2), 305-338. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25254. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7509.

Yu, Y. H.; Zhao, B. Z.; Jiao, N. Recent Advances in the chemical transformation of polyolefins into small molecules. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(2), 305-338. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25254. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7509.

摘要

废弃塑料的回收利用已成为全球关注的问题. 其中，以聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚氯乙烯为代表的聚烯烃塑料因化学惰性而难以在自然环境中降解，化学回收利用存在巨大挑战性. 本文系统综述了近年来基于碳链断裂实现聚烯烃化学升级回收的研究进展，重点讨论了不同催化体系在调控降解路径与产物选择性方面的作用机制. 通过优化反应条件(如温度控制与催化剂结构设计)以及引入光催化和生物-化学耦合等新兴技术，可以高效地将塑料废弃物转化为高价值化学品，包括烷基芳烃、羧酸、苯甲酸等. 展望未来，亟需开发低成本且高稳定性的催化剂，进一步优化工艺过程，并推动化学回收的规模化应用，从而实现塑料废弃物的可持续管理.

Abstract

The recycling and high-value utilization of plastic waste have become a global concern. Among them

polyolefin plastics

represented by polyethylene (PE)

polypropylene (PP)

polystyrene (PS)

and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)

are particularly challenging to degrade in the natural environment due to their chemical inertness

making chemical recycling highly demanding. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the chemical upcycling of polyolefins

via

carbon chain cleavage

with a focus on the mechanistic roles of various catalytic systems in directing degradation pathways and product selectivity. By optimizing reaction conditions

such as temperature control and catalyst design

and integrating emerging technologies including photocatalysis and bio-chemical hybrid strategies

plastic waste can be efficiently transformed into high-value chemicals

such as alkyl aromatics

carboxylic acids

and benzoic acid. Looking ahead

there is an urgent need to develop low-cost

highly stable catalysts

further improve process efficiency

and promote the scalable implementation of chemical recycling

thereby enabling the sustainable management of plastic waste.

关键词

Keywords

references

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