多级协同调控对聚氨酯弹性体力学及抗冲击性能的影响

吴晓妍; 张旭东; 江皓; 李晓东; 邹美帅

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25279

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多级协同调控对聚氨酯弹性体力学及抗冲击性能的影响

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-02-11

- 多级协同调控对聚氨酯弹性体力学及抗冲击性能的影响
- The Influence of Multilevel Synergistic Regulation on the Mechanical and Impact Resistance Properties of Polyurethane Elastomers
- 高分子学报 2026年57卷第3期页码：721-732
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京理工大学材料学院北京 100081
  2.山东奥卓新材料有限公司滕州 277524
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: jiangh@bit.edu.cn
  zoums@bit.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2024YFB3713001)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25279
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7531
- 收稿：2025-10-23，
  
  录用：2025-12-08，
  
  网络首发：2026-01-27，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-20
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
吴晓妍, 张旭东, 江皓, 李晓东, 邹美帅. 多级协同调控对聚氨酯弹性体力学及抗冲击性能的影响. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(3), 721-732.

Wu, X. Y.; Zhang, X. D.; Jiang, H.; Li, X. D.; Zou, M. S. The influence of multilevel synergistic regulation on the mechanical and impact resistance properties of polyurethane elastomers. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(3), 721-732.
吴晓妍, 张旭东, 江皓, 李晓东, 邹美帅. 多级协同调控对聚氨酯弹性体力学及抗冲击性能的影响. 高分子学报, 2026, 57(3), 721-732. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25279. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7531.

Wu, X. Y.; Zhang, X. D.; Jiang, H.; Li, X. D.; Zou, M. S. The influence of multilevel synergistic regulation on the mechanical and impact resistance properties of polyurethane elastomers. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), 2026, 57(3), 721-732. DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25279. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7531.

摘要

为制备适用于减振缓冲领域的高性能抗冲击聚氨酯弹性体，解决现有高强聚氨酯制备工艺复杂、强度提升受限且抗冲击性不足的问题，本研究采用一步法合成工艺，以多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯(PM200)为硬段，通过调节交联剂配比及含量、引入刚性软段，结合红外光谱、原子力显微镜及力学性能测试，系统研究得到了高强高抗冲聚氨酯弹性体，其具有99.87 MPa的拉伸强度，静态压缩强度高达263 MPa，动态压缩吸能63.60 MJ/m

，在11 J摆锤能量冲击下反馈的冲击能量达142.3 kJ/m

，综合性能优异. 针对聚氨酯力学性能与抗冲击性能通过多组分协同调控进行了优化，并为了适配规模化生产需求采用一步法工艺，为减振缓冲用聚氨酯的工业化应用提供了可行的技术方案与配方设计思路.

Abstract

To address

the challenges of complex fabrication processes

the 95 MPa strength barrier

and insufficient impact resistance in conventional high-strength polyurethanes

this study aims to develop high-performance impact-resistant polyurethane elastomers for vibration-damping and buffering applications. A one-step synthesis process was employed

using PM 200 as the hard segment. The effects of tuning the crosslinker ratios and contents

as well as incorporating rigid soft-segment components

on the crosslinked structure

hydrogen-bonding interactions

microphase separation

and mechanical properties of polyurethanes were systematically investigated

via

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

atomic force microscopy

and mechanical property measurements. Through multi-parameter optimization

the resulting high-strength and high-impact-resistance polyurethane elastomer exhibited a tensile strength of 99.87 MPa

an ultrahigh static compressive strength of 263 MPa

a dynamic compressive energy absorption of 63.60 MJ/m

and an impact energy of 142.3 kJ/m

under an 11 J pendulum impact

showing excellent comprehensive performance. This study optimized the mechanical and impact-resistant properties of polyurethane through multi-component synergistic regulation. Moreover

the simple and efficient one-step process

suitable for large-scale production

provides a viable technical solution and formulation design strategy for the industrial application of polyurethanes in vibration damping and buffering.

关键词

Keywords

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