不同分子量超高分子量聚乙烯凝胶纺丝和纤维成型加工工艺研究

金帅; 鲁瑞瑶; 闫婧瑶; 薛彦虎

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26034

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不同分子量超高分子量聚乙烯凝胶纺丝和纤维成型加工工艺研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-04-27

- 不同分子量超高分子量聚乙烯凝胶纺丝和纤维成型加工工艺研究
- Study on Gel Spinning and Fiber Formation Processing Technology of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene with Different Molecular Weights
- 高分子学报 2026年页码：1-14
- 作者机构：
  
  1.天津科技大学，化工与材料学院，济宁 272000
  2.(天津科技大学，生物基纤维材料全国重点实验室天津 300457) (，济宁 272000)
  3.天津科技大学，山东如意恒成产研新材料科技有限公司，济宁 272000
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: xueyh@tust.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 22273064)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26034
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7598
- 收稿：2026-02-03，
  
  录用：2026-03-31，
  
  网络首发：2026-04-27，
- 稿件说明：
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金帅, 鲁瑞瑶, 闫婧瑶, 薛彦虎. 不同分子量超高分子量聚乙烯凝胶纺丝和纤维成型加工工艺研究. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26034.

Jin, S.; Lu, R. Y.; Yan, J. Y.; Xue, Y. H. Study on gel spinning and fiber formation processing technology of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with different molecular weights. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26034.
金帅, 鲁瑞瑶, 闫婧瑶, 薛彦虎. 不同分子量超高分子量聚乙烯凝胶纺丝和纤维成型加工工艺研究. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26034. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7598.

Jin, S.; Lu, R. Y.; Yan, J. Y.; Xue, Y. H. Study on gel spinning and fiber formation processing technology of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with different molecular weights. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26034. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7598.

摘要

超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维的高性能化是高强高模聚合物纤维领域的关键问题，而原料分子量、微观结构与加工路径之间的协同机制仍不清晰. 本研究以不同分子量纺丝级UHMWPE为对象，基于凝胶纺丝与多阶段牵伸这一非平衡过程，系统揭示了原料结构、链拓扑演化与牵伸行为之间的内在关联. 结果表明，单纯提高分子量难以直接提升力学性能，其优势需通过缠结解构与取向重组加以释放. 粒径分布集中且孔结构适中的原料更有利于形成稳定凝胶网络. 通过调控螺杆温度与转速，不同初始黏均分子量的冻胶纤维可被调控至约3.60×10

g·mol

-1

，但不同温度—剪切路径会引入非平衡链拓扑结构，并在牵伸过程中产生拓扑记忆效应，持续影响链柔顺性与力学性能，链柔顺性较高的中等分子量体系更有利于实现高倍牵伸取向. 本工作为高性能UHMWPE纤维的工程化制备提供了新的设计思路.

Abstract

The high-performance development of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers has long been a central issue in high-strength and high-modulus polymer fibers

while the cooperative roles of raw material molecular weight

microstructure

and complex processing pathways remain insufficiently understood. In this study

spinning-grade UHMWPE resins with different molecular weights were investigated

focusing on gel spinning and multistage drawing as representative nonequilibrium processing routes. The relationships among the raw material structure

chain topological evolution

and drawing behavior were examined. It was found that increasing the molecular weight of the raw material alone did not directly improve the mechanical properties of the fiber; instead

its potential contribution was released through chain disentanglement and orientation reorganization during processing. Resins with a concentrated particle size distribution and moderate pore structures were more favorable for homogeneous swelling and the formation of stable gel network structures. By coordinating the screw temperature and rotational speed

the molecular weights of the gel fibers derived from different initial viscosity-average molecular weights were regulated and converged to approximately 3.60×10

g/mol. However

different temperature-shear pathways introduced path-dependent nonequilibrium chain topologies

which persisted during subsequent drawing as topological memory effects and continuously influenced the chain flexibility and fiber mechanical performance. Systems with higher chain flexibility

particularly those with intermediate molecular weights

were more suitable for achieving a high draw-ratio orientation. Overall

the results suggest that the high-performance fabrication of UHMWPE fibers depends on the cooperative regulation of chain topology and drawing kinetics rather than molecular weight maximization alone

providing a basis for structu

re-process design in UHMWPE fiber manufacturing.

关键词

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references

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