塑料污染治理国际文书谈判背景下“塑料”的定义及内涵辨析

曹煜恒; 陈定江; 徐军; 任钰成; 于贺江; 郭宝华; 朱兵; 杨万泰

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24258

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塑料污染治理国际文书谈判背景下“塑料”的定义及内涵辨析

观点 | 更新时间：2025-01-26

- 塑料污染治理国际文书谈判背景下“塑料”的定义及内涵辨析
- Analysis of the Definition and Scope of Plastic in the Context of the Global Plastics Treaty
- 高分子学报 2025年56卷第1期页码：166-178
- 作者机构：
  
  1.清华大学化学工程系化学工程联合国家重点实验室北京 100084
  2.清华大学循环经济研究院北京 100084
  3.清华大学化学工程系高分子研究所北京 100084
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: bingzhu@tsinghua.edu.cn
  yangwantai@tsinghua.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24258
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2024.7322
- 纸质出版日期：2025-01-20，
  
  网络出版日期：2024-11-18，
  
  收稿日期：2024-10-24，
  
  录用日期：2024-11-11
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
曹煜恒, 陈定江, 徐军, 任钰成, 于贺江, 郭宝华, 朱兵, 杨万泰. 塑料污染治理国际文书谈判背景下“塑料”的定义及内涵辨析. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(1), 166-178

Cao, Y. H.; Chen, D. J.; Xu, J.; Ren, Y. C.; Yu, H. J.; Guo, B. H.; Zhu, B.; Yang, W. T. Analysis of the definition and scope of plastic in the context of the global plastics treaty. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(1), 166-178
曹煜恒, 陈定江, 徐军, 任钰成, 于贺江, 郭宝华, 朱兵, 杨万泰. 塑料污染治理国际文书谈判背景下“塑料”的定义及内涵辨析. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(1), 166-178 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24258. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2024.7322.

Cao, Y. H.; Chen, D. J.; Xu, J.; Ren, Y. C.; Yu, H. J.; Guo, B. H.; Zhu, B.; Yang, W. T. Analysis of the definition and scope of plastic in the context of the global plastics treaty. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(1), 166-178 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2024.24258. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2024.7322.

摘要

塑料污染是当前环境治理的热点话题，其中联合国环境大会授权谈判的塑料污染治理国际文书受到很大关注. 作为文书的关键术语，“塑料”的定义，特别是其涵盖的范围关系到文书如何认识并应对塑料污染，但对这一问题的讨论并不充分. 本文对塑料污染治理国际文书谈判背景下“塑料”的定义及内涵进行辨析，首先介绍了文书谈判的基本情况，随后讨论了“塑料”定义中的加工性质和力学性质、“塑料”和“树脂”是否应当区分、如何认识生物降解塑料，最后提出文书中定义“塑料”需要注意：(1)文书应当建立在更广泛的参与和共识基础上；(2)作为管控性质的国际文书，文书应当设置单独的定义条款；(3)文书应当科学、准确地定义“塑料”，明确纤维、橡胶不属于塑料，区分“塑料”和“树脂”两个概念. 文书只有把应该被管的管起来，又不有意扩大范围，才能真正促进塑料污染治理国际合作进程.

Abstract

Plastic pollution is a hotspot in current environmental governance

with significant attention directed towards the global plastics treaty mandated by

the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA). As a key term of the treaty

the definition and particularly the scope of

plastic

is critical to how the treaty addresses plastic pollution. However

discussions on this issue remain inadequate. This perspective analyzes the definition and scope of

plastic

in the context of the global plastics treaty. It first introduces the process of the ongoing negotiation of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC). It subsequently discusses the processing and mechanical properties within the definition of

plastic

the distinction between

plastic

and

resin

and biodegradable plastics. Finally

it posits that the treaty should take the following issues into consider: (1) it should be based on broader participation and consensus; (2) as an international legally binding instrument

it should include a standalone provision of definition; (3) it should scientifically and accurately define

plastic

clarifying that fibers and rubbers are not included

and distinguishing between

plastic

and

resin

. Only by ensuring that appropriate entities are regulated without intentionally broadening the scope could the treaty genuinely advance international cooperation in addressing plastic pollution.

关键词

塑料污染文书谈判塑料高分子材料定义

Keywords

Plastic pollutionTreatyNegotiationPlasticPolymetric materialDefinition

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