电场诱导聚乳酸纳米纤维细化及其呼吸防护性能研究

张雨; 李佳琪; 吴洋; 李湘; 王存民; 邵将; 徐欢; 李世航; 陈小雨

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25085

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电场诱导聚乳酸纳米纤维细化及其呼吸防护性能研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2025-10-29

- 电场诱导聚乳酸纳米纤维细化及其呼吸防护性能研究
- Electric field-induced Refined Poly(lactic acid) Nanofiber for Respiratory Protection
- 高分子学报 2025年56卷第11期页码：2023-2032
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国矿业大学，安全工程学院，徐州 221116
  2.中国矿业大学，材料与物理学院，徐州 221116
  3.中国矿业大学，建筑与设计学院，徐州 221116
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: cxy@cumt.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2019XKQYMS70)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25085
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7417
- 收稿：2025-05-05，
  
  录用：2025-06-16，
  
  网络出版：2025-09-12，
  
  纸质出版：2025-11-20
- 稿件说明：
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张雨, 李佳琪, 吴洋, 李湘, 王存民, 邵将, 徐欢, 李世航, 陈小雨. 电场诱导聚乳酸纳米纤维细化及其呼吸防护性能研究. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(11), 2023-2032

Zhang, Y.; Li, J. Q.; Wu, Y.; Li, X.; Wang, C. M.; Shao, J.; Xu, H.; Li, S. H.; Chen, X. Y. Electric field-induced refined poly(lactic acid) nanofiber for respiratory protection. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(11), 2023-2032
张雨, 李佳琪, 吴洋, 李湘, 王存民, 邵将, 徐欢, 李世航, 陈小雨. 电场诱导聚乳酸纳米纤维细化及其呼吸防护性能研究. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(11), 2023-2032 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25085. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7417.

Zhang, Y.; Li, J. Q.; Wu, Y.; Li, X.; Wang, C. M.; Shao, J.; Xu, H.; Li, S. H.; Chen, X. Y. Electric field-induced refined poly(lactic acid) nanofiber for respiratory protection. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(11), 2023-2032 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25085. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7417.

摘要

针对传统熔喷滤材驻极性能差、不可降解及细颗粒物拦截效率低等瓶颈问题，将氯化锂(LiCl)引入立构复合聚乳酸(SC-PLA)体系，通过静电纺丝技术构建SC-PLA/LiCl超细纳米纤维. LiCl的引入增强了电场力对纤维的牵伸，使得SC-PLA纤维细化，得到平均纤维直径为385 nm的SC-PLA/LiCl纳纤膜. 此外，LiCl促进了SC-PLA链在高压电场下的取向，使得SC-PLA/LiCl纤维的偶极电荷数量增多，电荷存储稳定性增强；SC-PLA/LiCl纳纤膜的相对介电常数和表面电势分别为纯SC-PLA纤维膜的1.6和2.1倍. 得益于高孔隙率和显著提高的静电吸附能力，SC-PLA/LiCl纳纤膜在85 L/min的空气流量下对PM

0.3

的过滤效率达95.7%，而空气阻力仅为181.2 Pa. 此外，SC-PLA/LiCl纳纤膜摩擦电性能的增强使得其具有呼吸监测的能力. 所制备的SC-PLA/LiCl超细纳米纤维在长效呼吸防护与个人健康管理领域有着巨大的应用潜力.

Abstract

To address the bottleneck problems of poor electret performance

non-degradability

and low filtration efficiency of fine particulate matters (PMs) of traditional meltblown filter media under high dust environment in coal mines

this study innovatively introduced lithium chloride (LiCl) into the stereocomplexed poly(lactic

acid) (SC-PLA) architecture

and constructed the SC-PLA/LiCl ultrafine nanofibers by electropinning technology. The introduction of LiCl enhanced the drawing of the fibers under the electric field force

which led to the refinement of the SC-PLA fibers

and the SC-PLA/LiCl nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) with an average fiber diameter of 385 nm were obtained. In addition

LiCl promoted the orientation of SC-PLA chains under a high-voltage electric field

which led to an increased number of dipole charges and enhanced the charge storage stability of the SC-PLA/LiCl fibers. The dielectric constant and surface potential of SC-PLA/LiCl NFMs were 1.6 and 2.1 times higher than those of neat SC-PLA NFMs

respectively. Benefiting from the high porosity and significantly enhanced electroactivity

the SC-PLA/LiCl NFM exhibited 95.7% filtration efficiency against PM

0.3

at an air flow rate of 85 L/min with an air resistance of only 181.2 Pa. In addition

the enhanced triboelectric properties of the SC-PLA/LiCl NFM enabled respiratory monitoring. The as-prepared SC-PLA/LiCl ultrafine nanofibers showed great potential for applications in long-lasting respiratory protection and personal health management.

关键词

Keywords

references

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