形状记忆高分子气凝胶复合材料研究进展

杨诗白; 任舒彤; 薛甜甜; 樊玮; 刘天西

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25219

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形状记忆高分子气凝胶复合材料研究进展

综述 | 更新时间：2026-01-19

- 形状记忆高分子气凝胶复合材料研究进展
- Recent Advances in Shape Memory Polymer Aerogels
- 高分子学报 2025年56卷第12期页码：2191-2217
- 作者机构：
  
  江南大学化学与材料工程学院合成与生物胶体教育部重点实验室无锡 214122
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "薛甜甜，女，江南大学化工与材料工程学院博士后. 2018年于聊城大学获工学学士学位，同年保送至东华大学材料科学与工程学院硕博连读，2023年获工学博士学位. 2024年入选中国科协青年人才托举工程、江苏省卓越博士后. 主要研究方向：聚酰亚胺气凝胶复合材料、气凝胶纤维及织物、形状记忆高分子气凝胶. 迄今以第一作者和共同通讯作者在Nature Communications、Matter、Advanced Functional Materials等学术期刊发表SCI论文10余篇." ]
  [ "刘天西，男，江南大学“至善特聘教授”，博士生导师. 1992年于河南大学获学士学位，1998年于中国科学院长春应用化学研究所获博士学位. 主要研究方向：高分子纳米复合材料、气凝胶功能复合材料、纳米纤维及其复合材料、纳米能源复合材料及器件. 现任Composites Communications共同主编、Advanced Fiber Materials副主编、Journal of Materials Science: Composites副主编、教育部科技委委员、中国复合材料学会·纳米复合材料分会主任." ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 52233006)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25219
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7473
- 收稿：2025-08-30，
  
  录用：2025-09-26，
  
  网络出版：2025-11-19，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-20
- 稿件说明：
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杨诗白, 任舒彤, 薛甜甜, 樊玮, 刘天西. 形状记忆高分子气凝胶复合材料研究进展. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(12), 2191-2217

Yang, S. B.; Ren. S. T.; Xue. T. T.; Fan, W.; Liu, T. X. Recent advances in shape memory polymer aerogels. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(12), 2191-2217
杨诗白, 任舒彤, 薛甜甜, 樊玮, 刘天西. 形状记忆高分子气凝胶复合材料研究进展. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(12), 2191-2217 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25219. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7473.

Yang, S. B.; Ren. S. T.; Xue. T. T.; Fan, W.; Liu, T. X. Recent advances in shape memory polymer aerogels. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(12), 2191-2217 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25219. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7473.

摘要

形状记忆高分子气凝胶(shape memory polymer aerogel

SMPA)是一类兼具多孔结构和刺激响应特性的智能材料，能够在温度、湿度、电场等外界刺激下发生可逆形变. 这类材料通过结合气凝胶的轻质多孔结构特性和形状记忆聚合物的刺激响应能力，在航空航天、智能电子、环境能源等领域展现出巨大潜力. 近年来，SMPA的研究在材料体系设计和性能优化方面取得了显著进展，本文系统综述了近年有关SMPA及其复合材料的结构、机理、性能及应用的研究成果，通过材料体系将SMPA分为合成基和生物基2类，讨论其制备方法和性能优化方式，并列举SMPA及其复合材料在不同领域的应用，有助于读者了解当前SMPA及其复合材料的发展趋势、应用和现存挑战，以望引发研究人员对这一领域的进一步探索.

Abstract

Shape memory polymer aerogels (SMPAs) are a class of intelligent materials that combine a porous structure with stimuli-responsive properties

enabling reversible deformation under external stimuli such as heat

humidity

and electric fields. By integrating the lightweight porous characteristics of aerogels with the stimulus-responsive behavior of shape-memory polymers

SMPAs demonstrate significant potential in various fields including aerospace

smart electronics

and environmental energy applications. In recent years

substantial progress has been made in the design of material systems and performance optimization. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the structure

mechanisms

properties

and applications of SMPAs and their composite materials. Based on material composition

SMPAs are categorized into synthetic-based and bio-based types

with discussions on their preparation methods and strategies for performance enhancement. Representative applications of SMPAs and their composite materials in different domains are also highlighted. This review aims to provide readers with insights into the current development trends

applications

and existing challenges of SMPAs and their composite materials

thereby inspiring further exploration in this promising field.

关键词

Keywords

references

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