高性能聚合物纳米共混泡沫材料研究进展

游江岸; 姜治伟; 唐涛

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25229

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高性能聚合物纳米共混泡沫材料研究进展

专论 | 更新时间：2026-01-19

- 高性能聚合物纳米共混泡沫材料研究进展
- Research Progress on High-performance Polymer Nano-blend Foam Materials
- 高分子学报 2025年56卷第12期页码：2095-2109
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院长春应用化学研究所高分子科学与技术全国重点实验室长春 130022
  2.新疆大学化学学院省部共建碳基能源资源化学与利用国家重点实验室乌鲁木齐 830017
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "姜治伟，男，1978年生. 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所副研究员，项目研究员. 2001年本科毕业于郑州大学材料工程系；2004年6月获得郑州大学材料学硕士学位；2014年7月获中国科学院大学高分子物理与化学专业博士学位. 主要从事聚合物改性和聚合物发泡材料的技术开发，现担任《中国塑料》青年编委，中国复合材料学会船舶与海洋专业委员会委员，中国电机工程学会电工产品材料生态循环利用专业委员会委员. 开发出多项聚合物泡沫制备技术，并成功实现产业化. 主持国家基金1项，吉林省重大科技专项1项，企业委托项目多项，参加包括 “863”计划和军工配套项目在内的等多个国家和省部级项目. 发表论文60余篇，申请中国发明专利26项，国防专利1项，合作出版专著1部." ]
  [ "唐涛，男，1963年生. 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所研究员、博导. 1985年本科毕业于大连理工大学化工系，1988年硕士毕业于华东理工大学高分子材料与工程系(导师：应圣康教授、张隐西教授)，1991年于中国科学院长春应用化学研究所高分子化学与物理专业获博士学位(导师：黄葆同先生). 1992年至今，在中国科学院长春应用化学研究所工作，其中1996~1997年在英国拉夫堡大学访问研究. 先后获得中国化学会青年化学奖(1997年)、中国科学院自然科学二等奖(2000年)、国务院政府特贴(2002年)，2005年获得国家自然科学杰出青年基金资助. 担任中国复合材料学会纳米复合材料专业委员会副主任、中国塑料加工工业协会专家委员会专家. 担任Composites Science and Technology、Journal of Cellular Plastics、《中国塑料》期刊编委. 主要从事聚合物纳米复合材料、发泡材料、聚合物碳化与阻燃、聚合物回收再利用基础研究与应用技术开发." ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 ┣52233004);52403050┫
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25229
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7503
- 收稿：2025-09-01，
  
  录用：2025-10-20，
  
  网络出版：2025-12-01，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-20
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
游江岸, 姜治伟, 唐涛. 高性能聚合物纳米共混泡沫材料研究进展. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(12), 2095-2109

You, J. A.; Jiang, Z. W.; Tang, T. Research progress on high-performance polymer nano-blend foam materials. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(12), 2095-2109
游江岸, 姜治伟, 唐涛. 高性能聚合物纳米共混泡沫材料研究进展. 高分子学报, 2025, 56(12), 2095-2109 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25229. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7503.

You, J. A.; Jiang, Z. W.; Tang, T. Research progress on high-performance polymer nano-blend foam materials. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2025, 56(12), 2095-2109 DOI： 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2025.25229. CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2025.7503.

摘要

利用共混方法形成多相材料体系是制备新材料、提高其综合性能的有效途径之一. 通过纳米尺度分散形成聚合物纳米共混泡沫可以有效实现多组分性能的协同增效，是轻量化功能材料的重要发展方向. 然而，聚合物发泡材料中实现组分的纳米级分散，一直是制备高性能轻量化聚合物泡沫材料面临的挑战. 本专论围绕“热塑性/热塑性”与“热塑性/热固性”2类聚合物纳米共混泡沫材料体系，系统梳理了该领域的研究发展脉络与前沿进展，并重点介绍了本团队近年来从相态结构调控耦合超临界发泡技术的角度，提出了“增塑—发泡—增强”(PFR)策略，以及该策略在创制高性能聚合物纳米共混泡沫的最新进展，最后对该领域面临的挑战和未来发展趋势进行了分析与展望.

Abstract

Forming a multiphase material system through blending is one of the effective ways to prepare new materials and improve comprehensive performance. The formation of polymer nanocomposite foams through nanoscale dispersion can effectively achieve synergistic enhancement of multi-component properties

representing an important development direction for lightweight functional materials. However

achieving nanoscale dispersion of components in polymer foam materials has always been a challenge in the preparation of high-performance lightweight polymer foam materials. This feature article focuses on two types of polymer nano-blend systems: "thermoplastic/thermoplastic" polymer blend and "thermoplastic/thermosetting" polymer blend. It systematically reviews the research development trajectory and frontier progress in this field

and highlights the "plasticization-foaming-reinforcement" (PFR) strategy proposed by our team in recent years from the perspective of phase structure regulation coupled with supercritical foaming technology. Additionally

it introduces the latest advancements using this strategy in creating high-performance polymer nano-blend foams. Finally

an analysis and outlook were conducted on the challenges and future development trends faced in this field.

关键词

Keywords

references

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Tian M. ; You J. A. ; Qiu J. ; Li M. G. ; Xing H. P. ; Xue J. ; Jiang Z. W. ; Tang T. Unexpected super anti-compressive styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer/polyurea nanocomposite foam with excellent solvent resistance, re-processability and shape memory performance . Compos. Part B Eng. , 2023 , 264 , 110908 . doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110908 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110908

Jiang Z. W. ; Yao K. ; Du Z. H. ; Xue J. ; Tang T. ; Liu W. B. Rigid cross-linked PVC foams with high shear properties: the relationship between mechanical properties and chemical structure of the matrix . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2014 , 97 , 74 - 80 . doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.04.005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.04.005

Jiang Z. W. ; Yao K. ; Du Z. H. ; Xue J. ; Tang T. ; Liu W. B. Preparation and chemical reactions of rigid cross-linked poly(vinyl chloride) foams modified by epoxy compounds . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2014 , 131 ( 15 ), 40567 . doi: 10.1002/app.40567 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.40567

Jiang Z. W. ; Du Z. H. ; Xue J. ; Liu W. B. ; Li M. G. ; Tang T. Hierarchical structure and properties of rigid PVC foam crosslinked by the reaction between anhydride and diisocyanate . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2018 , 135 ( 16 ), 46141 . doi: 10.1002/app.46141 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.46141

Gong J. ; Chen X. C. ; Tang T. Recent progress in controlled carbonization of (waste) polymers . Prog. Polym. Sci. , 2019 , 94 , 1 - 32 . doi: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.04.001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.04.001

Jehanno C. ; Alty J. W. ; Roosen M. ; De Meester S. ; Dove A. P. ; Chen E. Y. ; Leibfarth F. A. ; Sardon H. Critical advances and future opportunities in upcycling commodity polymers . Nature , 2022 , 603 ( 7903 ), 803 - 814 . doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04350-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04350-0

Liu H. G. ; Wu S. Q. ; Tian N. ; Yan F. X. ; You C. Y. ; Yang Y. Carbon foams: 3D porous carbon materials holding immense potential . J. Mater. Chem. A , 2020 , 8 ( 45 ), 23699 - 23723 . doi: 10.1039/d0ta08749a http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta08749a

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