胶体光子晶体的构筑及其在智能传感中的应用进展

梁旭; 田阿青; 刘帅; 高淳; 王伟; 谭海英; 姜伟; 金晶

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26150

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胶体光子晶体的构筑及其在智能传感中的应用进展

综述 | 更新时间：2026-07-23

- 胶体光子晶体的构筑及其在智能传感中的应用进展
- Colloidal Photonic Crystals: Advances in Fabrication Strategies and Applications in Intelligent Sensing
- 高分子学报 2026年页码：1-29
- 作者机构：
  
  武汉纺织大学材料科学与工程学院武汉 430200
- 作者简介：
  
  谭海英，2019年3月至今任武汉纺织大学材料科学与工程学院副教授、硕士生导师，高分子材料与工程系主任. 2015年于中国科学院大学获博士学位，2015~2016年任湖南工业大学讲师；2016~2019年在华中科技大学化学与化工学院从事博士后研究. 主要研究方向包括光子晶体与智能传感材料、纳米复合材料、高性能纤维与复合材料. 在Advanced Materials、Macromolecules、Chemistry—A European Journal、Soft Matter、Journal of Physical Chemistry B 等期刊发表SCI论文40余篇；主持及参与国家自然科学基金项目、企业横向课题等20余项；申请发明专利6项.E-mail: hytan@wtu.edu.cn
  姜伟，武汉纺织大学材料科学与工程学院二级教授、博士生导师. 2007年获得国家杰出青年科学基金，享受国务院政府特殊津贴(2011年)，曾获朱李月华优秀教师奖(2018年). 长期从事高分子结构调控和高性能化研究，作为项目负责人承担了国家十三五重点研发计划项目、国家自然科学基金重大项目子课题、重点项目3项、面上及国际合作项目以及吉林省重大科技专项和企业委托项目等多项. 在Journal of the American Chemical Society、Angewandte Chemie International Edition、Macromolecules、Physical Review E等重要学术期刊发表论文200余篇，获国内外授权专利20余件，在包括美国化学会年会在内的国际学术会议上作邀请报告20余次.E-mail: weijiang@wtu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(基金号 52433001);湖北省教育厅项目(D20241605);2023年湖北省重大攻关项目(项目号 (JD)2023BAA028)
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26150
  中图分类号：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7661
- 收稿：2026-04-30，
  
  录用：2026-06-09，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-23，
- 稿件说明：
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梁旭, 田阿青, 刘帅, 高淳, 王伟, 谭海英, 姜伟, 金晶. 胶体光子晶体的构筑及其在智能传感中的应用进展. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26150.

Liang, X.; Tian, A. Q.; Liu, S.; Gao, C.; Wang, W.; Tan, H. Y.; Jiang, W.; Jin, J. Colloidal photonic crystals: advances in fabrication strategies and applications in intelligent sensing. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26150.
梁旭, 田阿青, 刘帅, 高淳, 王伟, 谭海英, 姜伟, 金晶. 胶体光子晶体的构筑及其在智能传感中的应用进展. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26150. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7661.

Liang, X.; Tian, A. Q.; Liu, S.; Gao, C.; Wang, W.; Tan, H. Y.; Jiang, W.; Jin, J. Colloidal photonic crystals: advances in fabrication strategies and applications in intelligent sensing. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26150. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7661.

摘要

光子晶体是由介电常数不同的材料周期性排列而成的人工微结构，其光子带隙可产生结构色，并对外界刺激产生光学响应，在智能传感领域备受关注. 本文系统综述了胶体光子晶体的一般构筑策略、传感变色机制及其在物理、化学与生物传感中的最新进展. 首先，总结了蒸发诱导、外场诱导、聚合诱导、过饱和度诱导及模板法等构筑光子晶体的一般方法，分析了各方法的优势与局限. 其次，阐述了基于折射率变化、晶格间距变化及有序-无序转变的光子晶体的三种典型传感机制. 进一步，总结了光子晶体传感器在机械力与温度物理传感、气氛/湿度/pH/离子小分子化学传感以及免疫/适配体/酶/分子印迹生物传感中的应用实例. 最后，指出了当前面临的响应速度、长期稳定性及量产一致性等挑战，并展望了多机制协同、多模态融合及智能化集成的发展方向，为该领域从实验室走向实际应用提供参考.

Abstract

Photonic crystals are artificial microstructures fabricated by periodically arranging materials with different dielectric constants. Their photonic bandgap can generate structural colors and produce optical responses to external stimuli

making them highly attractive for intelligent sensing. This review systematically summarizes general fabrication strategies

sensing mechanisms

and recent advances of colloidal photonic crystals in physical

chemical

and biological sensing. First

we introduce common fabrication methods including evaporation-induced

external-field-induced

polymerization-induced

supersaturation-induced self-assembly

as well as template methods

and analyze their advantages and limitations. Second

three typical sensing mechanisms based on refractive index change

lattice spacing variation

and order-disorder transition are described. Furthermore

we present application examples of photonic crystal sensors in mechanical force and temperature sensing (physical)

atmosphere/humidity/pH/ion and small molecule detection (chemical)

as well as immuno-

aptamer-

enzyme-

and molecularly imprinted polymer-based biosensing. Finally

current challenges such as response speed

long-term stability

and batch-to-batch reproducibility are discussed

and future directions toward multi-mechanism synergy

multimodal integration

and intelligent system assembly are envisioned

providing a reference for translating this field from laboratory research to practical applications.

关键词

Keywords

references

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