Research Progress in Polymers for Humanoid Robots

Gui-ying Zhu; Chun-yan Liu; Bao Deng; Bo-en Liu; Peng-cheng Xia; Peng-juan Li; Jun Lei; Jia-zhuang Xu

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26044

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Research Progress in Polymers for Humanoid Robots

更新时间：2026-05-13

- Research Progress in Polymers for Humanoid Robots
- Acta Polymerica Sinica Pages: 1-13(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.四川大学高分子科学与工程学院先进高分子材料全国重点实验室成都 610065
  2.上海中镭新材料科技有限公司上海 201306
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26044
  CLC：
- CSTR：32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7589
- Received：06 February 2026，
  
  Accepted：20 March 2026，
  
  Online First：13 May 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
朱桂英, 刘春艳, 邓宝, 刘博恩, 夏鹏程, 李鹏娟, 雷军, 徐家壮. 人形机器人用高分子材料研究进展. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26044.

Zhu, G. Y.; Liu, C. Y.; Deng, B.; Liu, B. E.; Xia, P. C.; Li, P. J.; Lei, J.; Xu, J. Z. Research progress in polymers for humanoid robots. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26044.
朱桂英, 刘春艳, 邓宝, 刘博恩, 夏鹏程, 李鹏娟, 雷军, 徐家壮. 人形机器人用高分子材料研究进展. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26044. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7589.

Zhu, G. Y.; Liu, C. Y.; Deng, B.; Liu, B. E.; Xia, P. C.; Li, P. J.; Lei, J.; Xu, J. Z. Research progress in polymers for humanoid robots. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26044. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7589.

摘要

人形机器人是实现具身智能的关键物理载体，发展潜力和应用前景巨大. 高分子材料具有低密度、高比强度、易加工及功能可设计等优势，已逐渐用于人形机器人的承重与功能部件. 本文综述了近年来高分子材料在人形机器人中的研究成果. 重点围绕轻量化骨骼结构材料、仿生皮肤材料、智能感知-驱动材料的关键性能需求，阐述其在微观结构设计、功能网络构建、制备加工方法及构效关系等方面的研究进展. 最后，对该领域面临的挑战及发展方向进行了探讨与总结.

Abstract

Humanoid robots represent a pivotal physical carrier for embodied intelligence

demonstrating significant developmental potential and broad application prospects. Polymers

featured by the merits such as low density

high specific strength

ease of processing

and tunable functionality

are increasingly being utilized in load-bearing and functional components of humanoid robots. This article reviews recent research achievements in polymers for humanoid robotic applications. Placing focus on key performance requirements for lightweight skeletal structural materials

bionic skin materials

and intelligent sensing-actuation materials

this review elaborates on advances in microstructural design

functional network construction

preparation and processing methods

as well as structure-property relationships. Finally

current challenges and future development directions in this field are discussed and summarized.

关键词

Keywords

references

Fukuda T. ; Dario P. ; Yang G. Z. Humanoid robotics-History, current state of the art, and challenges . Sci. Robot. , 2017 , 2 ( 13 ), eaar 4043 . doi: 10.1126/scirobotics.aar4043 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aar4043

徐程浩 , 王耀南 , 莫洋 , 朱青 . 人形机器人技术与产业发展研究 . 中国工程科学 , 2025 , 27 ( 1 ), 150 - 167 . doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2024.10.009 http://dx.doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2024.10.009

Slade P. ; Atkeson C. ; Donelan J. M. ; Houdijk H. ; Ingraham K. A. ; Kim M. ; Kong K. ; Poggensee K. L. ; Riener R. ; Steinert M. ; Zhang J. J. ; Collins S. H. On human-in-the-loop optimization of human-robot interaction . Nature , 2024 , 633 ( 8031 ), 779 - 788 . doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07697-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07697-2

Tu K. R. ; Ma X. G. ; Qian Z. X. ; Duan P. H. Large-scale multimodal model based embodied intelligent robots: a survey . Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. , 2026 , 163 , 112991 . doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2025.112991 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2025.112991

Cao L. B. Humanoid robots and humanoid AI: review, perspectives and directions . ACM Comput. Surv. , 2026 , 58 ( 4 ), 1 - 37 . doi: 10.1145/3770574 http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3770574

Zhang C. ; Chen J. X. ; Li J. T. ; Peng Y. H. ; Mao Z. B. Large language models for human-robot interaction: a review . Biomim. Intell. Robot. , 2023 , 3 ( 4 ), 100131 . doi: 10.1016/j.birob.2023.100131 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.birob.2023.100131

DeDonato M. ; Dimitrov V. ; Du R. X. ; Giovacchini R. ; Knoedler K. ; Long X. C. ; Polido F. ; Gennert M. A. ; Padır T. ; Feng S. Y. ; Moriguchi H. ; Whitman E. ; Xinjilefu X. ; Atkeson C. G. Human-in-the-loop control of a humanoid robot for disaster response: a report from the DARPA robotics challenge trials . J. Field Robot. , 2015 , 32 ( 2 ), 275 - 292 . doi: 10.1002/rob.21567 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.21567

熊健 , 倪庆雅 . 复合材料在人形机器人中的应用进展与趋势 . 复合材料学报 , 2025 , 44 , 1 - 18 . doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20250909.004 http://dx.doi.org/10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20250909.004

王宏岗 . 人形机器人产业化进程中高端化工材料的发展新机遇 . 石油石化绿色低碳 , 2025 , 10 ( 4 ), 13 - 20 .

Liu H. ; Yang Y. D. ; Wang T. ; Yin J. T. ; Wang H. Q. Bioinspired growable humanoid robot with bone-mimetic linkages for versatile mobility . Sci. Adv. , 2026 , 12 ( 4 ), eaea 2831 . doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aea2831 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aea2831

王二平 , 朱姝 , 谭宗尚 , 陆士强 , 朱冠南 , 冯习 . CF/PEEK复合材料的性能研究 . 纤维复合材料 , 2020 , 37 ( 4 ), 35 - 38 . doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-6423.2020.04.007 http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1003-6423.2020.04.007

Sleiman M. ; Khalil K. ; Olaru A. ; AlFayad S. Design and validation of new methodology for hydraulic passage integration in carbon composite mechanisms . Appl. Sci. , 2024 , 14 ( 11 ), 4378 . doi: 10.3390/app14114378 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114378

Zhu H. ; Luo M. Z. ; Lv Z. G. ; Luo Y. ; Li J. ; Liu R. K. ; Lv P. F. ; Xue J. L. Investigation of musculoskeletal-inspired architecture and honeycomb lightweight design for electro-hydraulic humanoid robot legs . Ann. N Y Acad. Sci. , 2026 , 1556 ( 1 ), e 70175 . doi: 10.1111/nyas.70175 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70175

余乃泽 , 裴伟娟 , 李大伟 . 面向机器人关节轴承的PTFE/PEEK多孔材料制备与力学性能 . 塑料 , 2025 , 54 ( 5 ), 59 - 63 .

Hao Y. F. ; Wang X. M. ; Song X. Q. ; Li Y. Q. ; Fu H. ; Lee A. P. ; Cheung K. M. ; Lam J. ; Kwok K. W. A tensegrity joint for low-inertia, compact, and compliant soft manipulators . Adv. Intell. Syst. , 2024 , 6 ( 2 ), 2470008 . doi: 10.1002/aisy.202470008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202470008

Wen Q. ; Zhang M. L. ; Sun J. W. ; Li W. J. ; Chu J. K. ; Wang Z. Y. ; Zhang S. Y. ; Ren L. Q. Legged robot with tensegrity feature bionic knee joint . Adv. Sci. , 2025 , 12 ( 12 ), 2411351 . doi: 10.1002/advs.202411351 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202411351

Lu Y. ; Zhang F. ; Shang W. W. ; Ma Y. F. ; Gao X. Y. ; Kong L. B. Design and modelling of a flexible cable-driven robotic joint with variable stiffness capability . Robot. Auton. Syst. , 2026 , 196 , 105249 . doi: 10.1016/j.robot.2025.105249 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2025.105249

Hao Y. F. ; Dai J. ; Jiang Z. Y. ; Lee A. P. ; Lam J. ; Kwok K. W. A controllable-stiffness tensegrity robot joint for robust compliant manipulation . J. Field Robot. , 2025 , 42 ( 7 ), 3348 - 3360 . doi: 10.1002/rob.22576 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.22576

Rafsanjani A. ; Coulter F. B. ; Studart A. R. Giving life to robotic skins . Matter , 2022 , 5 ( 7 ), 1990 - 1992 . doi: 10.1016/j.matt.2022.06.006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2022.06.006

Wu X. D. ; Zhu J. ; Evans J. W. ; Lu C. H. ; Arias A. C. A potentiometric electronic skin for thermosensation and mechanosensation . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2021 , 31 ( 17 ), 2010824 . doi: 10.1002/adfm.202010824 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202010824

Ali A. R. ; Selim M. Y. Design and integration of a multi-axial tactile sensor for dexterous manipulation by humanoid robots for industrial applications . Results Eng. , 2026 , 29 , 108494 . doi: 10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108494 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108494

Stassi S. ; Cauda V. ; Canavese G. ; Pirri C. F. Flexible tactile sensing based on piezoresistive composites: a review . Sensors , 2014 , 14 ( 3 ), 5296 - 5332 . doi: 10.3390/s140305296 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s140305296

Hu T. ; Xuan S. H. ; Ding L. ; Gong X. L. Stretchable and magneto-sensitive strain sensor based on silver nanowire-polyurethane sponge enhanced magnetorheological elastomer . Mater. Des. , 2018 , 156 , 528 - 537 . doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.07.024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2018.07.024

Canavese G. ; Stassi S. ; Fallauto C. ; Corbellini S. ; Cauda V. ; Camarchia V. ; Pirola M. ; Pirri C. F. Piezoresistive flexible composite for robotic tactile applications . Sens. Actuat. A Phys. , 2014 , 208 , 1 - 9 . doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2013.11.018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.11.018

Stassi S. ; Canavese G. ; Cosiansi F. ; Gazia R. ; Fallauto C. ; Corbellini S. ; Pirola M. ; Cocuzza M. Smart piezoresistive tunnelling composite for flexible robotic sensing skin . Smart Mater. Struct. , 2013 , 22 ( 12 ), 125039 . doi: 10.1088/0964-1726/22/12/125039 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/22/12/125039

Li F. Z. ; Liu H. R. ; Guo J. M. ; Zhou X. Y. ; Liu K. K. ; Liang L. Z. ; Pei X. Y. ; Zhou F. C. ; Huang F. ; Wang H. ; Liu Y. H. An artificial thermal nociceptor based on xanthan gum-gated synaptic transistors to emulate human thermal nociception . Adv. Intell. Syst. , 2022 , 4 ( 12 ), 2200233 . doi: 10.1002/aisy.202200233 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200233

Chen C. Z. ; Liu Z. J. ; Guo L. C. ; Huo B. C. ; Sun Q. ; Liang L. R. ; Du C. Y. ; Chen G. M. High spatiotemporal resolution biomimetic thermoreceptors realizing by jointless p-n integration thermoelectric composites . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2024 , 34 ( 49 ), 2411490 . doi: 10.1002/adfm.202411490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202411490

Yaragalla S. ; Dussoni S. ; Zahid M. ; Maggiali M. ; Metta G. ; Athanasiou A. ; Bayer I. S. Stretchable graphene and carbon nanofiber capacitive touch sensors for robotic skin applications . J. Ind. Eng. Chem. , 2021 , 101 , 348 - 358 . doi: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.05.048 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2021.05.048

Ullah Z. ; Mustafa G. M. ; Khalil A. ; Waseem M. ; Khan S. U. ; Sonil N. I. ; Ahmad Shah I. ; Imran M. ; Atiq S. CNTs-coated stretchable fabric as ultrasensitive e-skin for rotational motion monitoring in humanoid robots . J. Mater. Sci. , 2024 , 59 ( 43 ), 20480 - 20490 . doi: 10.1007/s10853-024-10381-5 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-10381-5

Gao F. L. ; Liu J. ; Li X. P. ; Ma Q. ; Zhang T. T. ; Yu Z. Z. ; Shang J. ; Li R. W. ; Li X. F. Ti 3 C 2 Tx MXe ne-based multifunctional tactile sensors for precisely detecting and distinguishing temperature and pressure stimuli. ACS Nano , 2023 , 17 ( 16 ), 16036 - 16047 . doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04650 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.3c04650

Yuan S. ; Tian Y. C. ; Li Y. ; Li S. Z. ; Fu L. ; Li T. ; Zhang T. A selectively bimodal flexible sensor based on IL/SWCNTs/PEDOT: PSS nanocomposites for materials and shape recognition . J. Mater. Chem. C , 2024 , 12 ( 10 ), 3611 - 3621 . doi: 10.1039/d3tc04104b http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3tc04104b

Gautham V. ; Panpalia A. ; Manouchehri H. ; Gabani K. K. ; Anil V. ; Yerneni S. ; Thakar R. ; Nayyar A. ; Payare M. A. ; Jorgensen E. ; Yang R. Z. ; Esfahani E. ; Liu J. Slip-actuated bionic tactile sensing system with dynamic DC generator integrated E-textile for dexterous robotic manipulation . Nat. Commun. , 2025 , 16 ( 1 ), 7005 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-61843-6 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61843-6

Zhao H. Q. ; Zhang Y. Z. ; Han L. ; Qian W. Q. ; Wang J. B. ; Wu H. T. ; Li J. C. ; Dai Y. ; Zhang Z. Y. ; Bowen C. R. ; Yang Y. Intelligent recognition using ultralight multifunctional nano-layered carbon aerogel sensors with human-like tactile perception . Nanomicro Lett. , 2023 , 16 ( 1 ), 11 . doi: 10.1007/s40820-023-01216-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01216-0

Ge C. Y. ; An X. Y. ; He X. X. ; Duan Z. ; Chen J. T. ; Hu P. G. ; Zhao J. ; Wang Z. L. ; Zhang J. Integrated multifunctional electronic skins with low-coupling for complicated and accurate human-robot collaboration . Adv. Sci. , 2023 , 10 ( 20 ), 2301341 . doi: 10.1002/advs.202301341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202301341

Dai B. H. ; Zheng Y. J. ; Qian Y. H. ; Hu X. Y. ; Sun Z. Z. ; Ma Z. H. ; Bao G. J. ; Wu H. P. ; Luo X. ; Hughes J. ; Liu X. J. ; Ying Y. B. ; Xie L. J. An optical/electronic artificial skin extends the robotic sense to molecular sensing . npj Flex. Electron. , 2025 , 9 , 87 . doi: 10.1038/s41528-025-00431-6 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41528-025-00431-6

Cao Y. X. ; Peng Y. X. ; Ren W. J. ; Wang H. H. ; Diao Y. ; Liu Z. M. ; He X. ; Luo H. ; Wu X. D. Intrinsically soft and fully recyclable robotic sensors with quadruple sensing functions for reliable human-robot interactions . Sci. Bull. , 2025 , 70 ( 17 ), 2784 - 2796 . doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2025.04.075 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.04.075

Bilodeau R. A. ; Kramer R. K. Self-healing and damage resilience for soft robotics: a review . Front. Robot. AI , 2017 , 4 , 48 . doi: 10.3389/frobt.2017.00048 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2017.00048

Zhao M. C. ; Tang Z. W. ; Zhang X. H. ; Li Z. P. ; Xiao H. ; Zhang M. ; Liu K. ; Ni Y. H. ; Huang L. L. ; Chen L. H. ; Wu H. A self-healing, stretchable, and conductive poly( N -vinylpyrrolidone)/gallic acid composite hydrogel formed via hydrogen bonding for wearable electronic sensors . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2020 , 198 , 108294 . doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2020.108294 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2020.108294

Cao L. T. ; Liu Q. ; Ren J. ; Chen W. S. ; Pei Y. ; Kaplan D. L. ; Ling S. J. Electro-blown spun silk/graphene nanoionotronic skin for multifunctional fire protection and alarm . Adv. Mater. , 2021 , 33 ( 38 ), 2102500 . doi: 10.1002/adma.202102500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202102500

Shepherd R. F. ; Stokes A. A. ; Nunes R. M. D. ; Whitesides G. M. Soft machines that are resistant to puncture and that self seal . Adv. Mater. , 2013 , 25 ( 46 ), 6709 - 6713 . doi: 10.1002/adma.201303175 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201303175

Guo X. K. ; Zhang S. L. ; Patel S. ; Sun X. L. ; Zhu Y. L. ; Wei Z. C. ; Wang R. G. ; He X. D. ; Wang Z. K. ; Yu C. J. ; Tan S. C. A skin-mimicking multifunctional hydrogel via hierarchical, reversible noncovalent interactions . Sci. Adv. , 2025 , 11 ( 20 ), eadv 8523 . doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adv8523 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adv8523

Liu Y. N. ; Lin J. H. ; Wei J. J. ; Chen T. ; Wang W. Q. Skin-like heterogeneous and self-healing conductive hydrogel toward ultrasensitive marine sensing . ACS Sens. , 2025 , 10 ( 3 ), 2276 - 2286 . doi: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03619

Gao Y. Y. ; Zhang J. P. ; Zhang H. H. ; Chow L. ; Zhao G. Y. ; Guo G. H. ; Yiu C. K. ; Zhang B. B. ; Huang Y. ; Zhou J. K. ; Zhang Q. ; Huang T. ; Guo Y. ; Li J. ; Li J. Y. ; Huang X. C. ; Chen Z. L. ; Liu Z. Y. ; Qiu Y. Z. ; Guo C. F. ; Yu X. G. A neuromorphic robotic electronic skin with active pain and injury perception . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 2025 , 122 ( 52 ), e 2520922122 . doi: 10.1073/pnas.2520922122 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2520922122

Wang X. J. ; Guo W. ; He Z. C. ; Li R. C. ; Zha F. S. ; Sun L. N. Bionic jumping of humanoid robot via online centroid trajectory optimization and high dynamic motion controller . J. Bionic Eng. , 2024 , 21 ( 6 ), 2759 - 2778 . doi: 10.1007/s42235-024-00586-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42235-024-00586-4

Zhang J. Y. ; Li J. M. ; Xu R. ; Wang Y. D. ; Wang J. W. ; Wang T. X. ; Zhao Y. K. A self-driven Ga 2 O 3 memristor synapse for humanoid robot learning . Small Meth. , 2025 , 9 ( 3 ), 2400989 . doi: 10.1002/smtd.202400989 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202400989

Hernandez-Vicen J. ; Łukawski B. ; Martinez S. ; Tsagarakis N. ; Balaguer C. Hybrid sensor fusion mixed with reinforcement learning in autonomous dual-arm lifting tasks performed by humanoid robots . Robotics , 2024 , 13 ( 8 ), 121 . doi: 10.3390/robotics13080121 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics13080121

Almubarak Y. ; Tadesse Y. Twisted and coiled polymer (TCP) muscles embedded in silicone elastomer for use in soft robot . Int. J. Intell. Robot. Appl. , 2017 , 1 ( 3 ), 352 - 368 . doi: 10.1007/s41315-017-0022-x http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41315-017-0022-x

Feng W. ; He Q. G. ; Zhang L. Embedded physical intelligence in liquid crystalline polymer actuators and robots . Adv. Mater. , 2025 , 37 ( 2 ), 2312313 . doi: 10.1002/adma.202312313 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202312313

Ware T. H. ; McConney M. E. ; Wie J. J. ; Tondiglia V. P. ; White T. J. Voxelated liquid crystal elastomers . Science , 2015 , 347 ( 6225 ), 982 - 984 . doi: 10.1126/science.1261019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1261019

He Q. G. ; Wang Z. J. ; Wang Y. ; Wang Z. J. ; Li C. H. ; Annapooranan R. ; Zeng J. ; Chen R. K. ; Cai S. Q. Electrospun liquid crystal elastomer microfiber actuator . Sci. Robot. , 2021 , 6 ( 57 ), eabi 9704 . doi: 10.1126/scirobotics.abi9704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.abi9704

Kotikian A. ; Morales J. M. ; Lu A. ; Mueller J. ; Davidson Z. S. ; Boley J. W. ; Lewis J. A. Innervated, self-sensing liquid crystal elastomer actuators with closed loop control . Adv. Mater. , 2021 , 33 ( 27 ), 2101814 . doi: 10.1002/adma.202101814 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202101814

Cho J. ; Lee M. ; Park T. ; Wang Y. ; Lee H. ; Cai S. Q. ; Park Y. L. Bio-inspired artificial muscle-tendon complex of liquid crystal elastomer for bidirectional afferent-efferent signaling . Adv. Mater. , 2026 , 38 ( 2 ), e 03094 . doi: 10.1002/adma.71898 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.71898

Kim H. ; Ahn S. K. ; Mackie D. M. ; Kwon J. ; Kim S. H. ; Choi C. ; Moon Y. H. ; Lee H. B. ; Ko S. H. Shape morphing smart 3D actuator materials for micro soft robot . Mater. Today , 2020 , 41 , 243 - 269 . doi: 10.1016/j.mattod.2020.06.005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2020.06.005

Chen D. B. ; Liu Q. P. ; Han Z. W. ; Zhang J. Q. ; Song H. L. ; Wang K. J. ; Song Z. Y. ; Wen S. F. ; Zhou Y. ; Yan C. Z. ; Shi Y. S. 4 D printing strain self-sensing and temperature self-sensing integrated sensor-actuator with bioinspired gradient gaps . Adv. Sci. , 2020, 7 ( 13 ), 2000584 . doi: 10.1002/advs.202070075 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202070075

Li M. ; Luo F. L. ; Gong L. K. ; Zeng J. H. ; Li Y. B. ; Wang Z. Y. ; Cao J. ; Niu J. Q. ; Zhao J. Q. ; Chen Y. F. ; Zhang C. Neuromorphic tactile perception enabled by triboelectric artificial synapse for material identification . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2026 , 36 ( 4 ), e 14750 . doi: 10.1002/adfm.202514750 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202514750

Liu Y. M. ; Yiu C. ; Song Z. ; Huang Y. ; Yao K. M. ; Wong T. ; Zhou J. K. ; Zhao L. ; Huang X. C. ; Nejad S. K. ; Wu M. G. ; Li D. F. ; He J. H. ; Guo X. ; Yu J. S. ; Feng X. ; Xie Z. Q. ; Yu X. G. Electronic skin as wireless human-machine interfaces for robotic VR . Sci. Adv. , 2022 , 8 ( 2 ), eabl 6700 . doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abl6700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abl6700

Bao R. R. ; Tao J. ; Zhao J. ; Dong M. ; Li J. ; Pan C. F. Integrated intelligent tactile system for a humanoid robot . Sci. Bull. , 2023 , 68 ( 10 ), 1027 - 1037 . doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.04.019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.04.019

Wei C. S. ; Liao Z. J. ; Qin Y. C. ; Mao Q. ; Liu S. Q. ; Zhu R. Human-taught sensory-control synergy for universal robotic grasping . Natl. Sci. Rev. , 2025 , 13 ( 3 ), nwaf 583 . doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf583 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf583

Lin W. S. ; Xu Y. J. ; Yu S. F. ; Wang H. S. ; Huang Z. J. ; Cao Z. C. ; Wei C. ; Chen Z. ; Zhang Z. L. ; Zhao Z. Y. ; Liao Q. L. ; Zheng Y. J. ; Liao X. Q. Highly programmable haptic decoding and self-adaptive spatiotemporal feedback toward embodied intelligence . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2025 , 35 ( 38 ), 2500633 . doi: 10.1002/adfm.202500633 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202500633

Views

624

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Progress of Polymer-based Electrode Materials in Electrochemical Energy Storage

Preparation and Properties of Intrinsically Flame Retardant PDCPD Based on Frontal Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Preparation and Properties of Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene/ Carboxylated Cellulose Nanocrystal Composites with Self-healing Properties

Ionic Liquid Modified Cellulose as Catalyst for CO2 Cycloaddition

Synthesis of Highly Efficient Bidentate Polar Modifiers Featuring Dual Heteroatoms and Their Application in Butadiene Anionic Polymerization

Related Author

Zi-hui Song

Xi-gao Jian

Fang-yuan Hu

Related Institution

School of Materials Science and Engineering

Technology Innovation Center of High Performance Resin Materials Liaoning Province

State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology

AI问答

Postal code：100190
Tel：010-62588927 Email：gfzxb@iccas.ac.cn
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 京ICP备05002797号-8 京公网安备11010802046899号
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.

⁰